Selected Institutional Reforms, Participatory Monitoring and Evaluation, Organizational Culture and Change of Behavior of Inmates in Correctional Facilities in Nairobi County, Kenya

Abstract

This study focused on selected institutional reforms, participatory monitoring and evaluation, organizational culture and change of behavior of inmates in correctional facilities in Nairobi County, Kenya. The study objectives were; to examine how health reforms influences change of behavior of inmates in correctional facilities in Nairobi County, Kenya. To assess how infrastructural reforms influence change of behavior of inmates in correctional facilities in Nairobi County, Kenya. To establish the extent to which educational programmes reform influences change of behavior of inmates in correctional facilities in Nairobi County, Kenya. To determine the extent of combined influence of three independent variables on change of behavior of inmates in correctional facilities in Nairobi County, Kenya. To assess how participatory monitoring and evaluation influence the relationship between health reforms, infrastructural reforms, educational programmes reform, and change of behavior of inmates. To assess how organization culture influences the relationship between health reforms, infrastructural reforms, educational programmes reform, and the change of behavior of inmates. The study tested six null hypotheses on whether the relationship among the study variables was significant. The target population was 10,111 individuals spread as 2,953 prison officers and 7,158 inmates. From this population a sample was drawn using a formula totaling to 385 individuals who were picked, spread as 112 prison officers and 273 inmates. Purposive sampling was used to select officers’ in-charge and their deputies. Twelve prison officers on duty were picked randomly from duty roster using prime numbers for focus group discussion from each prison. A separate list of long term prisoners was compiled from the records of capital offenders and other offenders jailed for over ten years or have been in remand for ten years and then the sample size was picked in proportionate to the population in each prison institution. Primary data was gathered by a semi-structured questionnaire, an interview schedule and focus group discussion from the target population. The study incorporated quantitative and qualitative approaches to process, analyze, and interpret the data. The SPSS was applied to run the analysis. Descriptive statistics were computed and inferential statistics done were person’s product moment correlation(r), simple regression, multiple regression and step wise regression (R2). T –tests were used to test hypotheses in the study and the results revealed that r=0.429,t=5.189, at p=0.000,0.05,HI1was found that health reforms had a statistically significant influence on change of behavior. With r=0.604, t=11.524, at p=0.000, 0.05,HI2 was found that infrastructural reforms had statistically significant influence on change of behavior. With r=0.425, t=7.129, at p=0.000,0.05, HI3 was found that educational programmes reform had a statistically significant influence on change of behavior. With r=0.725,t=36.234, at p=0.000,0.05, HI4 was found that combined variables had a statistically significant influence on change of behavior of inmates. With r=0.745, t=14.772, at p=0.000, 0.05, HI5 was established that the relationship between institutional reforms and change of behavior of inmates in correctional facilities is moderated by participatory monitoring and evaluation. With r=0.747, t=8.558, at p=0.000, 0.05, HI6 was concluded that the relationship between institutional reforms and change of behavior of inmates is moderated by organizational culture. Findings of the study are expected to be crucial to government policy makers regarding formulation and implementation of the prison reforms. The serving inmates may benefit from the improved prison environment which will be aligned with market preference and whose content may benefit the community.