Complex Tissue Regeneration in Mammals Is Associated With Reduced Inflammatory Cytokines and an Influx of T Cells
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Date
2020Author
Gawriluk, Thomas R.
Simkin, Jennifer
Hacker, Corin K.
Kimani, John M.
Kiama, Stephen G.
Ezenwa, Vanessa O.
Seifert, Ashley W.
Type
ArticleLanguage
enMetadata
Show full item recordAbstract
While mammals tend to repair injuries, other adult vertebrates like salamanders and fish
regenerate damaged tissue. One prominent hypothesis offered to explain an inability
to regenerate complex tissue in mammals is a bias during healing toward strong
adaptive immunity and inflammatory responses. Here we directly test this hypothesis by
characterizing part of the immune response during regeneration in spiny mice (Acomys
cahirinus and Acomys percivali) vs. fibrotic repair in Mus musculus. By directly quantifying
cytokines during tissue healing, we found that fibrotic repair was associated with a
greater release of pro-inflammatory cytokines (i.e., IL-6, CCL2, and CXCL1) during
acute inflammation in the wound microenvironment. However, reducing inflammation via
COX-2 inhibition was not sufficient to reduce fibrosis or induce a regenerative response,
suggesting that inflammatory strength does not control how an injury heals. Although
regeneration was associated with lower concentrations of many inflammatory markers,
we measured a comparatively larger influx of T cells into regenerating ear tissue and
detected a local increase in the T cell associated cytokines IL-12 and IL-17 during
the proliferative phase of regeneration. Taken together, our data demonstrate that a
strong adaptive immune response is not antagonistic to regeneration and that other
mechanisms likely explain the distribution of regenerative ability in vertebrates
URI
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7427103/pdf/fimmu-11-01695.pdfhttp://erepository.uonbi.ac.ke/handle/11295/155544
Citation
Gawriluk TR, Simkin J, Hacker CK, Kimani JM, Kiama SG, Ezenwa VO, Seifert AW. "Complex Tissue Regeneration in Mammals Is Associated With Reduced Inflammatory Cytokines and an Influx of T Cells." Front. Immunol.. 2020;11(1695):1-19.Publisher
University of Nairobi
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Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 United StatesUsage Rights
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/us/Collections
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