Cofactors for HIV-1 Incidence during Pregnancy and Postpartum Period
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Date
2010Author
Kinuthia, John
Kiarie, James N
Farquhar, Carey
Richardson, Barbra
Nduati, RW
Mbori-Ngacha, DA
John-Stewart, Grace
Type
ArticleLanguage
enMetadata
Show full item recordAbstract
Objectives
To estimate HIV-1 incidence and cofactors for HIV-1 incidence during pregnancy and postpartum.
Design
Retrospective study among women who were HIV seronegative during pregnancy.
Methods
Mothers accompanying their infants for routine 6-week immunizations at 6 maternal child health clinics in Nairobi and Western Kenya were tested for HIV-1 after completing a questionnaire that included assessment of sociodemographics, obstetric history and HIV-1 risk perception.
Results
Of 2,135 mothers who had tested HIV-1 seronegative antenatally, 2,035 (95.3%) accepted HIV-1 re-testing at 6 weeks postpartum. Of these, 53 (2.6%) were HIV-1 seropositive yielding an estimated HIV-1 incidence of 6.8 (95% CI: 5.1-8.8) per 100 woman-years). Mothers who seroconverted were more likely to be employed (45.3% vs 29.0%, p=0.01), married (96.2 vs 86.6%, p=0.04) and from a higher HIV-1 prevalence region (60.4% in Western Kenya vs 28.8% in Nairobi, p<0.001). Among married women, those in polygamous relationship were significantly more likely to seroconvert (19.6% vs 6.7%, p<0.001). In multivariate analysis, region and employment independently predicted seroconversion.
Conclusions
Repeat HIV-1 testing in early postpartum was highly acceptable and resulted in detection of substantial HIV-1 incidence during pregnancy and postpartum period. Within prevention of mother-to-child HIV-1 transmission programs strategic approaches to prevent maternal HIV-1 acquisition during pregnancy are urgently needed.
URI
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3372399/http://erepository.uonbi.ac.ke:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/16231
Citation
Curr HIV Res. 2010 October; 8(7): 510–514.Publisher
Department of Paediatrics and Child Health
Description
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Collections
- Faculty of Health Sciences (FHS) [10377]