College of Health Sciences (CHS)
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Costs of integrating cervical cancer screening at an HIV clinic in Kenya.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)OBJECTIVE: To estimate the societal-level costs of integrating cervical cancer screening into HIV clinics in Nairobi, Kenya. METHODS: A cross-sectional micro-costing study was performed at Coptic Hope Center for ... -
Potential biomarkers associated with discrimination between latent and active pulmonary tuberculosis.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)SETTING: A third of the world's population has latent tuberculous infection (LTBI). Current TB diagnostics used in developing countries are ineffective and are unable to distinguish LTBI from active TB. Identifying ... -
Simplified paper format for detecting HIV drug resistance in clinical specimens by oligonucleotide ligation.
(University of Nairobi, 2016)Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a chronic infection that can be managed by antiretroviral treatment (ART). However, periods of suboptimal viral suppression during lifelong ART can select for HIV drug resistant (DR) ... -
Reversibility of glomerular renal function decline in hiv-uninfected men and women discontinuing emtricitabine-tenofovir disoproxil fumarate pre-exposure prophylaxis.
(University of Nairobi, 2016)BACKGROUND: Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) use is associated with a small but statistically significant decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). We investigated the ... -
Low risk of proximal tubular dysfunction associated with emtricitabine-tenofovir disoproxil fumarate preexposure prophylaxis in men and women.
(University of Nairobi, 2016)OBJECTIVE: Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) is associated with proximal tubular dysfunction (tubulopathy) when used in the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. We evaluated whether TDF causes ... -
Modeling the Cost-Effectiveness of Home-Based HIV Testing and Education (HOPE) for Pregnant Women and Their Male Partners in Nyanza Province, Kenya.
(University of Nairobi, 2016)INTRODUCTION: Women in sub-Saharan Africa face a 2-fold higher risk of HIV acquisition during pregnancy and postpartum and the majority do not know the HIV status of their male partner. Home-based couple HIV testing for ... -
Brief Report: Sexual Violence Against HIV-Positive Women in the Nyanza Region of Kenya: Is Condom Negotiation an Instigator?
(University of Nairobi, 2017)For people living with HIV, exposure to sexual violence (SV) is associated with decreased adherence to antiretroviral medication, a primary predictor of their survival. Identification of risk factors for SV is a pressing ... -
Time to act-comprehensive abortion care in east Africa.
(University of Nairobi, 2016) -
Risk factors for hypoxia and tachypnea among adolescents with vertically-acquired HIV in Nairobi.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)BACKGROUND: Chronic lung diseases are increasingly recognized complications of vertically-acquired HIV among adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa and may manifest with hypoxia or tachypnea. We sought to determine the ... -
Genital Injury Signatures and Microbiome Alterations Associated With Depot Medroxyprogesterone Acetate Usage and Intravaginal Drying Practices.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)Background.: Increasing evidence suggests depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) and intravaginal practices may be associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) infection risk; however, the mechanisms are not ... -
A Risk Assessment Tool for Identifying Pregnant and Postpartum Women Who May Benefit From Preexposure Prophylaxis.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)Background: A human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) risk assessment tool for pregnant women could identify women who would most benefit from preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) while minimizing unnecessary PrEP exposure. Met ... -
Gender-Specific Combination HIV Prevention for Youth in High-Burden Settings: The MP3 Youth Observational Pilot Study Protocol.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)BACKGROUND: Nearly three decades into the epidemic, sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) remains the region most heavily affected by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), with nearly 70% of the 34 million people living with HIV ... -
Relationship between functional capacity and health-related quality of life of patients with type-2 diabetes.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)AIMS: Physical function is a determinant of survival in chronic diseases, however, little is known about functional capacity (FC) and self-reported health status of patients with type-2 diabetes (T2D). This study ... -
Clinician attendance and delivery practices at hospital-based vaginal deliveries in Western Kenya.
(University of Nairobi, 2016)OBJECTIVE: To characterize delivery practices and factors associated with respectful, evidence-based care at a referral hospital in Western Kenya. METHODS: An exploratory observational study used a standardized ... -
Understanding the lived experience of women before and after fistula repair: a qualitative study in Kenya.
(University of Nairobi, 2016)OBJECTIVE: To gain understanding of the first-hand experience of women prior to and following repair of a vaginal fistula, to determine the most effective support mechanisms. DESIGN: Qualitative phenomenological ... -
Twin Pregnancy and Severe Maternal Outcomes: The World Health Organization Multicountry Survey on Maternal and Newborn Health.
(University of Nairobi, 2016)OBJECTIVE: To evaluate maternal complications (potentially life-threatening conditions, maternal near miss, and maternal death) that are mutually exclusive and severe maternal outcomes (maternal near miss or maternal ... -
Unblinded randomized control trial on prophylactic antibiotic use in gustilo II open tibia fractures at Kenyatta National Hospital, Kenya.
(University of Nairobi, 2016)OBJECTIVE: To determine the difference in infection rate between 24h versus five days of prophylactic antibiotic use in management of Gustilo II open tibia fractures. DESIGN: Unblinded randomized control ... -
A caecal pseoudotumour with an incidental adenomatoid testicular tumour in a man with right undescended testis: a case report.
(University of Nairobi, 2016)BACKGROUND: Inflammatory pseudotumour refers to a non-malignant tumour-like mass resulting from an inflammatory reaction that is composed of granulation tissue with leukocyte infiltration that commonly occurs in the ... -
Educational workshops with graduates of the University of Cape Town Karl Storz Head and Neck Surgery Fellowship Program: a model for collaboration in outreach to developing countries.
(University of Nairobi, 2016)The University of Cape Town Karl Storz Head and Neck Surgery Fellowship is the only head and neck surgery fellowship in Sub-Saharan Africa. This article briefly describes this fellowship and outlines the experience and ... -
The Specialist Surgeon Workforce in East, Central and Southern Africa: A Situation Analysis.
(University of Nairobi, 2016)In East, Central and Southern Africa accurate data on the current surgeon workforce have previously been limited. In order to ensure that the workforce required for sustainable delivery of surgical care is put in place, ...
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