• Prevalence and predictors of intra-abdominal hypertension and compartment syndrome in surgical patients in critical care units at Kenyatta National Hospital. 

  Muturi, A; Ndaguatha, P; Ojuka, D; Kibet, A (University of Nairobi, 2017)

  BACKGROUND: Intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) affects almost every organ sytem.If it is not detected early and corrected, mortality would be high. The prevalence of IAH and abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) at ...
• What is known about heart failure in sub-Saharan Africa: a scoping review of the English literature. 

  Kimani, K; Namukwaya, E; Grant, L; Murray, S2017 (University of Nairobi, 2017)

  We systematically reviewed and summarised existing knowledge on heart failure in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). We searched the following databases Web of Science, EMBASE, Ovid MEDLINE, PsychINFO, Global Health, CINAHL and ...
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  Bi treatment with hydralazine/nitrates vs. placebo in Africans admitted with acute HEart Failure (BA-HEF). 

  Sliwa, K; Damasceno, A; Davison, B; Mayosi, BM; Sani, MU; Ogah, O; Mondo, C; Ojji, D; Dzudie, A; Kouam, CK; Yonga, G; Ba, SA; Ogola, E; Edwards, C; Milo, O; Cotter, G (University of Nairobi, 2016)

  AIMS: Patients with acute heart failure (HF) in Africa are rarely being treated with a hydralazine/nitrates combination. Therefore the effect of this treatment was studied here. METHODS AND RESULTS: The study was ...
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  Spiritual issues of people living and dying with advanced heart failure in Kenya: a qualitative serial interview study. 

  Kimani, KN; Murray, SA; Grant, L (University of Nairobi, 2016)

  BACKGROUND: Exploring patients' spiritual issues is vital for informing holistic care. The spiritual concerns of patients living and dying with advanced heart failure in sub-Saharan Africa remains unknown. Our aim was ...
• Risky Business: condom failures as experienced by female sex workers in Mombasa, Kenya. 

  Bradburn, CK; Wanje, G; Pfeiffer, J; Jaoko, W; Kurth, AE; McClelland, RS (University of Nairobi, 2017)

  Limited research exists about condom failure as experienced by female sex workers. We conducted a qualitative study to examine how female sex workers in Mombasa, Kenya contextualise and explain the occurrence of condom ...
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  Maternal highly active antiretroviral therapy reduces vertical cytomegalovirus transmission but does not reduce breast milk cytomegalovirus levels. 

  Slyker, JA; Richardson, B; Chung, MH; Atkinson, C; Ásbjörnsdóttir, KH; Lehman, DA; Boeckh, M; Emery, Kiarie; John-Stewart, G (University of Nairobi, 2016)

  To evaluate the impact of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) on CMV transmission and breast milk level in the context of maternal HIV. Specimens from a randomized trial conducted in Nairobi, Kenya between 2003-2005 ...
• In vitro evaluation of the effect of linezolid and levofloxacin on Bacillus anthracis toxin production, spore formation and cell growth. 

  Head, BM; Alfa, M; Sitar, DS; Rubinstein, E; Meyers, AF (University of Nairobi, 2017)

  BACKGROUND: Owing to its ability to form spores and toxins, Bacillus anthracis is considered a bioterror agent. Although current therapeutic strategies can be effective, treatment does not prevent sporulation and toxin ...
• Alternative pre-approved and novel therapies for the treatment of anthrax. 

  Head, BM; Rubinstein, E; Meyers, AF (University of Nairobi, 2016)

  BACKGROUND: Bacillus anthracis, the causative agent of anthrax, is a spore forming and toxin producing rod-shaped bacterium that is classified as a category A bioterror agent. This pathogenic microbe can be transmitted ...
• Brief report: association between menopause and unprotected sex in high-risk HIV-positive women in Mombasa, Kenya20 

  Goyette, MS; Wilson, KS; Deya, R; Masese, LN; Shafi, J; Richardson, BA; Mandaliya, K; Jaoko, W; McClelland, RS (University of Nairobi, 2017)

  OBJECTIVE: Many HIV-positive women now live well beyond menopause. Postmenopausal women are no longer at risk for pregnancy, and some studies suggest that they may use condoms less often than premenopausal women. This ...
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  Perspectives of host faculty and trainees on international visiting faculty to paediatric academic departments in East Africa. 

  Russ, CM; Ganapathi, L; Marangu, D; Silverman, M; Kija, E; Bakeera-Kitaka, S; Laving, A (University of Nairobi, 2016)

  BACKGROUND: Investments in faculty exchanges to build physician workforce capacity are increasing. Little attention has been paid to the expectations of host institution faculty and trainees. This prospective qualitative ...
• Sexual Assault and HIV Postexposure Prophylaxis at an Urban African Hospital. 

  Muriuki, EM; Kimani, J; Machuki, Z; Kiarie, J; Roxby, AC (University of Nairobi, 2017)

  Antiretroviral postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) may be underutilized in sexual assault cases in Kenya. This study evaluated the characteristics of survivors of sexual violence attending the Gender-Based Violence Recovery ...
• Knowledge, attitude and practice of exercise for plasma blood glucose control among patients with type-2 diabetes. 

  Awotidebe, TO; Adedoyin, RA; Afolabi, MA; Opiyo, R (University of Nairobi, 2017)

  AIMS: Exercise plays significant role in the health outcomes of patients with diabetes, however, little is known about patients' knowledge of exercise for plasma blood glucose control among patients with type-2 diabetes ...
• Genomic approaches to the burden of kidney disease in Sub-Saharan Africa: the Human Heredity and Health in Africa (H3Africa) Kidney Disease Research Network. 

  Osafo, C; Raji, YR; Olanrewaju, T; Mamven, M; Arogundade, F; Ajayi, S; Ulasi, I; Salako, B; Plange-Rhule, J; Mengistu, Y; Mc'Ligeyo, SO; Moturi, G; Winkler, CA; Moxey-Mims, MM; Rasooly, RS; Kimmel, P; Adu, D; Ojo, A; Parekh, RS (University of Nairobi, 2017)
• Steroid-induced impairment of glucose tolerance: Prevalence among pediatric patients on long-term steroid use in Nigeria. 

  Chikani, UN; Ibekwe, MU; Oguonu, T; Mungai, L; Bisi-Onyemaechi, AI; Ugege, OM; Ogbonna, IF; de Beaufort, C (University of Nairobi, 2017)

  INTRODUCTION: Glucocorticoid (referred to from here on as simply steroid) is used for effective treatment of various inflammatory disorders since its discovery in 1940s. However, these useful drugs cause important side ...
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  Non-communicable disease syndemics: poverty, depression, and diabetes among low-income populations. 

  Mendenhall, E; Kohrt, BA; Norris, SA; Ndetei, D; Prabhakaran, D (University of Nairobi, 2017)

  The co-occurrence of health burdens in transitioning populations, particularly in specific socioeconomic and cultural contexts, calls for conceptual frameworks to improve understanding of risk factors, so as to better ...
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  Glucose-lowering therapies, adequacy of metabolic control, and their relationship with comorbid depression in outpatients with type 2 diabetes in a tertiary hospital in Kenya. 

  Otieno, CF; Kanu, JE; Karari, EM; Okech-Helu, V; Joshi, MD; Mutai, K (University of Nairobi, 2017)

  BACKGROUND: Depression and diabetes mellitus are important comorbid conditions with serious health consequences. When depression and diabetes are comorbid, depression negatively affects self-management activities of ...
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  Task shifting the management of non-communicable diseases to nurses in Kibera, Kenya: does it work? 

  Some, D; Edwards, JK; Reid, T; Van den Bergh, R; Kosgei, RJ; Wilkinson, E; Baruani, B; Kizito, W; Khabala, K; Shah, S; Kibachio, J; Musembi, P (University of Nairobi, 2016)

  BACKGROUND: In sub-Saharan Africa there is an increasing need to leverage available health care workers to provide care for non-communicable diseases (NCDs). This study was conducted to evaluate adherence to Médecins ...
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  Traditional therapies used to manage diabetes and related complications in Mauritius: a comparative Ethnoreligious study. 

  Mahomoodally, MF; Mootoosamy, A; Wambugu, S (University of Nairobi, 2016)

  Religious communities from Mauritius still rely on traditional therapies (TT) for primary healthcare. Nonetheless, there is still a dearth of scientific information on TT used by the different religious groups to manage ...
• Esophageal squamous dysplasia is common in asymptomatic Kenyans: a prospective, community-based, cross-sectional study. 

  Mwachiro, MM; Burgert, SL; Lando, J; Chepkwony, R; Bett, C; Bosire, C; Abnet, CC; Githanga, J; Waweru, W; Giffen, CA; Murphy, G; White, RE; Topazian, MD; Dawsey, SM (University of Nairobi, 2016)

  OBJECTIVES: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is endemic in east Africa and is a leading cause of cancer death among Kenyans. The asymptomatic precursor lesion of ESCC is esophageal squamous dysplasia (ESD). We ...
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  Optimal Z-score use in surgical decision-making in pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum. 

  Awori, MN; Mehta, NP; Mitema, FO; Kebba, N (University of Nairobi, 2017)

  OBJECTIVES: In the surgical treatment of pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum, the size of the tricuspid valve annulus (as measured by z-scores) has emerged as a significant factor in deciding which repair ...

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