• The role of attachment relationship in adolescents' problem behavior development: a cross-sectional study of Kenyan adolescents in Nairobi city. 

  Wambua, GN; Obondo, A; Bifulco, A; Kumar, M (University of Nairobi, 2018)

  Background: There is a significant link between insecure attachment and the development of psychopathology in adolescence. We investigated the relationship between adolescent attachment styles and the development of ...

• Adversities and mental health needs of pregnant adolescents in Kenya: identifying interpersonal, practical, and cultural barriers to care. 

  Osok, J; Kigamwa, P; Huang, KY; Grote, N; Kumar, M (University of Nairobi, 2018)

  BACKGROUND: Adolescent pregnancies present a great public health burden in Kenya and Sub-Saharan Africa (UNFPA, Motherhood in Childhood: Facing the challenge of Adolescent Pregnancy, 2013). The disenfranchisement from ...

• Prevalence and Factors Associated with Contraceptive Use Among Kenyan Women Aged 15-49 Years 

  Lunani, LL; Abaasa, A; Omosa-Manyonyi, G (University of Nairobi, 2018)

  Uptake of contraceptives is generally low in low-income settings. For women with HIV, contraception is a reliable and affordable method of minimizing vertical transmission. We investigated the factors that affect contraceptive ...

• Heat-Stable Carbetocin versus Oxytocin to Prevent Hemorrhage after Vaginal Birth. 

  Widmer, M; Piaggio, G; Nguyen, TM; Osoti, A; Owa, O; Misra, S; Coomarasamy, A; Abdel-Aleem, H; Mallapur, A; Qureshi, Z; Lumbiganon, P; Patel, AB; Carroli, G; Fawole, B; Goudar, SS; Pujar, YV; Neilson, J; Hofmeyr, GJ; Su, LL; Ferreira de Carvalho, J; Pandey, U; Mugerwa, K; Shiragur, SS; Byamugisha, J; Giordano, D; Gülmezoglu, AM (University of Nairobi, 2018)

  Background Postpartum hemorrhage is the most common cause of maternal death. Oxytocin is the standard therapy for the prevention of postpartum hemorrhage, but it requires cold storage, which is not available in many ...

• Satisfaction with Delivery Services Offered under the Free Maternal Healthcare Policy in Kenyan Public Health Facilities. 

  Gitobu, CM; Gichangi, PB; Mwanda, W (University of Nairobi, 2018)

  Background: Patients' satisfaction is an individual's positive assessment regarding a distinct dimension of healthcare and the perception about the quality of services offered in that health facility. Patients who are ...

• From HIV prevention to non-communicable disease health promotion efforts in sub-Saharan Africa: A Narrative Review. 

  Juma, K; Reid, M; Roy, M; Vorkoper, S; Temu, TM; Levitt, N; Oladepo, O; Zakus, D; Yonga, G (University of Nairobi, 2018)

  OBJECTIVE: To synthesize published literature on noncommunicable disease (NCD) behavior change communication (BCC) interventions in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) among persons living with HIV (PLHIV) and in the general ...

• Protocol of an open, three-arm, individually randomized trial assessing the effect of delivering sexual and reproductive health information to young people (aged 13-24) in Kenya and Peru via mobile phones: adolescent/youth reproductive mobile access and delivery initiative for love and life outcomes (ARMADILLO) study stage 2. 

  Gonsalves, L; Hindin, MJ; Bayer, A; Carcamo, CP; Gichangi, P; Habib, N; Mwaisaka, J; Say, L (University of Nairobi, 2018)

  BACKGROUND: Young people face special challenges to accessing needed sexual and reproductive health (SRH) information and support. With high penetration and access, mobile phones provide a new channel for reaching young ...

• Understanding mental health difficulties and associated psychosocial outcomes in adolescents in the HIV clinic at Kenyatta National Hospital, Kenya. 

  Gaitho, D; Kumar, M; Wamalwa, D; Wambua, GN; Nduati, R (University of Nairobi, 2018)

  Background: Globally adolescents continue to have an upward trend in HIV incidence and AIDS-related mortality. The interplay between the rapid physical growth, sexual maturation, and enormous albeit slow-evolving cognitive ...

• Effectiveness of peer support to increase uptake of retinal examination for diabetic retinopathy: study protocol for the DURE pragmatic cluster randomized clinical trial in Kirinyaga, Kenya. 

  Mwangi, N; Ng'ang'a, M; Gakuo, E; Gichuhi, S; Macleod, D; Moorman, C; Muthami, L; Tum, P; Jalango, A; Githeko, K; Gichangi, M; Kibachio, J; Bascaran, C; Foster, A (University of Nairobi, 2018)

  BACKGROUND: All patients with diabetes are at risk of developing diabetic retinopathy (DR), a progressive and potentially blinding condition. Early treatment of DR prevents visual impairment and blindness. The natural ...

• High rate of Clostridium difficile among young adults presenting with diarrhea at two hospitals in Kenya. 

  Oyaro, MO; Plants-Paris, K; Bishoff, D; Malonza, P; Gontier, CS; DuPont, HL; Darkoh, C (University of Nairobi, 2018)

  BACKGROUND: Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is the leading cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea worldwide. As a result, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention have designated C. difficile as an urgent ...

• An observational study of monitoring of vital signs in children admitted to Kenyan hospitals: an insight into the quality of nursing care? 

  Ogero, M; Ayieko, P; Makone, B; Julius, T; Malla, L; Oliwa, J; Irimu, G; English, M (University of Nairobi, 2018)

  Background: Measurement and correct interpretation of vital signs is part of routine clinical care. Repeated measurement enhances early recognition of deterioration, may help prevent morbidity and mortality and is a ...

• Khat (Catha edulis Forsk) - And now there are three. 

  Patel, NB (University of Nairobi, 2018)

  For centuries, a large number of people living in the southwestern part of the Arabian Peninsula and eastern Africa have chewed the fresh leaves and twigs of the plant Catha edulis Forsk, more commonly known as khat, for ...

• Implant delivering hydroxychloroquine attenuates vaginal T lymphocyte activation and inflammation. 

  Chen, Y; Traore, YL; Yang, S; Lajoie, J; Fowke, KR; Rickey, DW; Ho, EA (University of Nairobi, 2018)

  Evidence suggests that women who are naturally resistant to HIV infection exhibit low baseline immune activation at the female genital tract (FGT). This "immune quiescent" state is associated with lower expression of T-cell ...

• Stool Xpert MTB/RIF and urine lipoarabinomannan for the diagnosis of tuberculosis in hospitalized HIV-infected children. 

  LaCourse, SM; Pavlinac, PB; Cranmer, LM; Njuguna, IN; Mugo, C; Gatimu, J; Stern, J; Walson, JL; Maleche-Obimbo, E; Oyugi, J; Wamalwa, D; John-Stewart, G (University of Nairobi, 2018)

  BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis (TB) causes substantial morbidity and mortality in HIV-infected children. Sample collection and the paucibacillary nature of TB in children makes diagnosis challenging. Rapid diagnostic tools ...

• Effect of short and long moderate-intensity exercises in modifying cardiometabolic markers in sedentary Kenyans aged 50 years and above. 

  Magutah, K; Meiring, R; Patel, NB; Thairu, K (University of Nairobi, 2018)

  Objectives: We compared effects of shorter moderate-intensity exercise time (<10 min bouts) on cardiometabolic parameters with the current recommendations among elderly adults. Methods: Fifty-three sedentary individuals ...

• Female genital mutilation/cutting: innovative training approach for nurse-midwives in high prevalent settings. 

  Kimani, S; Esho, T; Kimani, V; Muniu, S; Kamau, J; Kigondu, C; Karanja, J; Guyo, J (University of Nairobi, 2018)

  Background: Female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) has no medical benefits and is associated with serious health complications. FGM/C including medicalization is illegal in Kenya. Capacity building for nurse-midwives ...

• SMS communication improves exclusive breastfeeding and early postpartum contraception in a low to middle income country setting: A randomised trial. 

  Unger, J; Ronen, K; Perrier, T; DeRenzi, B; Slyker, J; Drake, A; Mogaka, D; Kinuthia, J; John-Stewart, G (University of Nairobi, 2018)

  OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of short message service (SMS) communication on facility delivery, exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) and contraceptive use. DESIGN: MOBILE WACH WAS A 3-ARM UNBLINDED INDIVIDUALLY RANDOMISED ...

• Measuring family planning quality and its link with contraceptive use in public facilities in Burkina Faso, Ethiopia, Kenya and Uganda. 

  Fruhauf, T; Zimmerman, L; Kibira, SP; Makumbi, F; Gichangi, P; Shiferaw, S; Seme, A; Guiella, G; Tsui, A (University of Nairobi, 2018)

  The individual impacts of several components of family planning service quality on contraceptive use have been studied, but the influence of a composite measure synthesizing these components has not been often investigated. ...

• Variability in distribution and use of tuberculosis diagnostic tests in Kenya: a cross-sectional survey 

  Oliwa, JN; Maina, J; Ayieko, P; Gathara, D; Kathure, IA; Masini, E; Van't Hoog, AH; van Hensbroek, MB; English, M (University of Nairobi, 2018)

  BACKGROUND: Globally, 40% of all tuberculosis (TB) cases, 65% paediatric cases and 75% multi-drug resistant TB (MDR-TB) cases are missed due to underreporting and/or under diagnosis. A recent Kenyan TB prevalence survey ...

• Curriculum and training needs of mid-level health workers in Africa: a situational review from Kenya, Nigeria, South Africa and Uganda. 

  Couper, I; Ray, S; Blaauw, D; Ng'wena, G; Muchiri, L; Oyungu, E; Omigbodun, A; Morhason-Bello, I; Ibingira, C; Tumwine, J; Conco, D; Fonn, S (University of Nairobi, 2018)

  BACKGROUND: Africa's health systems rely on services provided by mid-level health workers (MLWs). Investment in their training is worthwhile since they are more likely to be retained in underserved areas, require shorter ...

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