The Contribution of National Policies on Tobacco Use Among Students in Kenyan Universities

Abstract

The use of tobacco has been one of the nearly avoidable deaths causes and a very important issue in public health. Countries in Africa experience a rise in numbers of people who use tobacco and especially young people. Taking of tobacco or rather the consumption of tobacco related products has moved from the developed countries to those that are developing. Succinctly put, while people from developed countries are on a trend to minimize tobacco intake, the habit is actively taking root in developing countries. The lack of proper implementation of regulations in these developing countries has enabled companies to get young smokers to be loyal customers to their specific brand through sponsorship and other forms of marketing. In Kenya, the growth in the number of tobacco users has become a great concern to the government. Kenya leads as one of the largest producers of both manufactured and raw tobacco in East Africa. It is against this background that the study investigated how the national policies on tobacco use have influenced the use of tobacco products, attitude and knowledge among students in public and private universities. To what extent do the policies influence the student’s choices on the consumption of tobacco products? This study was anchored on Social cognitive learning theory. The present study used mixed method research design to gather and analyze both quantitative and qualitative data. Thus, the study unit of analysis was five universities within Nairobi County, namely the University of Nairobi, Technical University of Kenya, Kenya Methodist University, Mt Kenya University and Strathmore University. The study used simple random sampling to select respondents from each stratum. The study relied on primary data gathered using self-administered questionnaires and interview guides. Results were recorded using table and figures. The study findings revealed that students had good level of knowledge about tobacco policies. Students are familiar with tobacco products. Students are aware of existence of Kenya’s tobacco control policy. Study results also revealed that it is rare for university students to wear clothing such as t-shirts, hats, or spectacles with tobacco product branding. Tobacco use among university students is very addictive. University students would stop taking tobacco products if they initiated it. Study results also revealed that providing straightforward and clear information about risks associated with tobacco use, warning messages can help educate youngsters and reduce tobacco use among youth/students. The study recommends that in order for improved knowledge of the tobacco policies on consumption of tobacco products among youth in Kenyan universities. NACADA and university administrations should strengthen coordination of public awareness and education initiatives against tobacco abuse among young people in Kenyan universities and throughout the country. The study suggests that the attitude of young people regarding tobacco policies in Kenyan institutions needs to be changed, the negative attitudes towards tobacco use and promotion among students should be further encouraged and

promoted through education campaigns and awareness-raising initiatives. The study also recommends that during anti-tobacco education campaigns and awareness-raising initiatives, NACADA should provide the right branded materials to communicate their message.