dc.contributor.author | Datta, P | |
dc.contributor.author | Embree, JE | |
dc.contributor.author | Kreiss, JK | |
dc.contributor.author | Ndinya-Achola, JO | |
dc.contributor.author | Braddick, M | |
dc.contributor.author | Temmerman, M | |
dc.contributor.author | Nagelkerke, NJ | |
dc.contributor.author | Maitha, G | |
dc.contributor.author | Holmes, KK | |
dc.contributor.author | Piot, P | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2013-04-26T05:37:42Z | |
dc.date.available | 2013-04-26T05:37:42Z | |
dc.date.issued | 1994 | |
dc.identifier.citation | J Infect Dis. 1994 Nov;170(5):1134-40. | en |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hinari-gw.who.int/whalecomwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/whalecom0/pubmed/7963705 | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://erepository.uonbi.ac.ke:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/16895 | |
dc.description.abstract | Mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is a significant problem in countries with endemic HIV-1 infection. Between 1986 and 1991, 365 children of HIV-1-infected mothers and 363 control children were studied in Kenya. The overall risk of transmission from mother to child, determined by serologic evidence of infection by age > or = 12 months and excess mortality in the HIV-1-exposed group, was 42.8% (range, 27.6%-62.2%). Marriage was the only maternal characteristic associated with transmission (odds ratio, 2.2; 95% confidence interval, 1.2-4.2; P < .05). Children who experienced growth failure were more likely to be infected. In 44% of children ultimately infected, the pattern of antibody response implied intrapartum or postnatal exposure to HIV-1. Of potential postnatal exposures examined, duration of breast-feeding beyond age 15 months and the mother being married were independently associated with increased risk of infection and seroconversion of children. The percentage of HIV infection attributable to breast-feeding > or = 15 months was 32%. The frequency of mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 was high; a substantial proportion of infection occurred postnatally, possibly through breast-feeding | en |
dc.language.iso | en | en |
dc.title | Mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1: report from the Nairobi Study | en |
dc.type | Article | en |
local.publisher | World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Sexually Transmitted Diseases | en |
local.publisher | Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, Kenya | en |