dc.contributor.author | John-Stewart, G | |
dc.contributor.author | Mbori-Ngacha, DA | |
dc.contributor.author | Ekpini, R | |
dc.contributor.author | Janoff, EN | |
dc.contributor.author | Nkengasong, J | |
dc.contributor.author | Read, JS | |
dc.contributor.author | Van de, Perre P | |
dc.contributor.author | Newell, ML | |
dc.contributor.author | Ghent IAS Working Group on HIV in Women Children | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2013-06-10T09:09:09Z | |
dc.date.available | 2013-06-10T09:09:09Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2004-02 | |
dc.identifier.citation | J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2004 Feb 1;35(2):196-202. | en |
dc.identifier.uri | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14722454 | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://erepository.uonbi.ac.ke:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/30556 | |
dc.description.abstract | Breast-feeding substantially increases the risk of HIV-1 transmission from mother to child, and although peripartum antiretroviral therapy prophylaxis significantly decreases the risk of mother-to-child transmission around the time of delivery, this approach does not affect breast-feeding transmission. Increased maternal RNA viral load in plasma and breast milk is strongly associated with increased risk of transmission through breast-feeding, as is breast health, and it has been suggested that exclusive breast-feeding could be associated with lower rates of breast-feeding transmission than mixed feeding of both breast- and other milk or feeds. Transmission through breast-feeding can take place at any point during lactation, and the cumulative probability of acquisition of infection increases with duration of breast-feeding. HIV-1 has been detected in breast milk in cell-free and cellular compartments; infant gut mucosal surfaces are the most likely site at which transmission occurs. Innate and acquired immune factors may act most effectively in combination to prevent primary HIV-1 infection by breast milk. | en |
dc.language.iso | en | en |
dc.publisher | University of Nairobi. | en |
dc.title | Breast-feeding and Transmission of HIV-1. | en |
dc.type | Article | en |
local.publisher | Department of Medicine, University of Washington, USA | en |
local.publisher | Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Univeristy of Nairobi, Kenya | en |