dc.contributor.author | Johnson, NW | |
dc.contributor.author | Warnakulasuriya, S | |
dc.contributor.author | Gupta, PC | |
dc.contributor.author | Dimba, E | |
dc.contributor.author | Chindia, M | |
dc.contributor.author | Otoh, EC | |
dc.contributor.author | Sankaranarayanan, R | |
dc.contributor.author | Califano, J | |
dc.contributor.author | Kowalski, L | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2013-06-25T05:42:10Z | |
dc.date.available | 2013-06-25T05:42:10Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2011-05 | |
dc.identifier.citation | Johnson, NW , Warnakulasuriya, S ,Gupta, PC, Dimba, E , Chindia, M , Otoh, EC,Sankaranarayanan, R, Califano, J,Kowalski, L , ;Global Oral Health Inequalities in Incidence and Outcomes for Oral Cancer :Causes and Solutionsdoi: 10.1177/0022034511402082, ADR May 2011 vol. 23 no. 2 237-246 | en |
dc.identifier.uri | http://adr.sagepub.com/content/23/2/237.short | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://erepository.uonbi.ac.ke:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/39299 | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21490236 | |
dc.description.abstract | The mouth and oropharynx are among the ten most common sites affected by cancer worldwide, but global incidence varies widely. Five-year survival rates exceed 50% in only the best treatment centers. Causes are predominantly lifestyle-related: Tobacco, areca nut, alcohol, poor diet, viral infections, and pollution are all important etiological factors. Oral cancer is a disease of the poor and dispossessed, and reducing social inequalities requires national policies co-ordinated with wider health and social initiatives – the common risk factor approach: control of the environment; safe water; adequate food; public and professional education about early signs and symptoms; early diagnosis and intervention; evidence-based treatments appropriate to available resources; and thoughtful rehabilitation and palliative care. Reductions in inequalities, both within and between countries, are more likely to accrue from the application of existing knowledge in a whole-of-society approach. Basic research aimed at determining individual predisposition and acquired genetic determinants of carcinogenesis and tumor progression, thus allowing for targeted therapies, should be pursued opportunistically. | en |
dc.language.iso | en | en |
dc.publisher | University of Nairobi | en |
dc.title | Global Oral Health Inequalities in Incidence and Outcomes for Oral Cancer: Causes and Solutions | en |
dc.type | Article | en |
local.publisher | Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Nairobi | en |