dc.contributor.author | Kaula, Rupert B. | |
dc.contributor.author | Rowland-Jones, Sarah L. | |
dc.contributor.author | Kimania, Joshua | |
dc.contributor.author | Fowkec, Keith | |
dc.contributor.author | Dong, Tao | |
dc.contributor.author | Kiamaa, Peter | |
dc.contributor.author | John Rutherfordc, John | |
dc.contributor.author | Njagia, Ephantus | |
dc.contributor.author | Mwangia, Francis | |
dc.contributor.author | Rostron, Tim | |
dc.contributor.author | Onyango, James | |
dc.contributor.author | Oyugi, Juliaas | |
dc.contributor.author | Macdonald, Kelly S. | |
dc.contributor.author | Bwayo, Job J. | |
dc.contributor.author | Plummer, Francis A. | |
dc.contributor.author | Fowke, Keith | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2013-06-28T07:10:09Z | |
dc.date.available | 2013-06-28T07:10:09Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2001 | |
dc.identifier.citation | Immunology Letters | en |
dc.identifier.uri | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11595284 | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://erepository.uonbi.ac.ke:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/41487 | |
dc.description.abstract | A clearer understanding of HIV-1 specific immune responses in highly-exposed, persistently seronegative (HEPS) subjects is important in developing models of HIV-1 protective immunity. HIV-1 specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL) have been described in a cohort of HEPS Kenyan sex workers, and recent work has further elucidated these responses. CTL specific for HIV-1 Env were found in the blood of over half the sex workers meeting criteria for HIV resistance, and in some women recognized unmapped epitopes. The proportion of women with Env-specific CTL increased with the duration of uninfected HIV exposure, suggesting that these responses were acquired over time. CD8+ lymphocyte responses directed against predefined HIV-1 CTL epitopes from various HIV-1 genes were found in the blood and genital tract of >50% resistant sex workers, at a ten-fold lower frequency than in infected subjects. The epitope specificity of CD8+ responses differs between HEPS and HIV infected women, and in HEPS the maintenance of responses appears to be dependent on persistent HIV exposure. Several HIV-1 ‘resistant’ sex workers have become HIV infected over the past 6 years, possibly related to waning of pre-existing HIV-specific CTL, and infection has often been associated with a switch in the epitope specificity of CD8+ responses. These findings suggest that vaccine-induced protective HIV immunity is a realistic goal, but that vaccine strategies of boosting or persistent antigen may be necessary for long-lived protection | en |
dc.language.iso | en | en |
dc.relation.ispartofseries | Volume 79, Issues 1–2, 1 November 2001, Pages 3–13; | |
dc.subject | HIV-1 | en |
dc.subject | Cytotoxic T-lymphocytes | en |
dc.subject | Seroconversion | en |
dc.subject | Epitopes | en |
dc.title | New insights into HIV-1 specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses in exposed, persistently seronegative Kenyan sex workers | en |
dc.type | Article | en |
local.publisher | Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya | en |
local.publisher | Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada | en |
local.publisher | MRC Human Immunology Unit, Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK | en |