The effect of rapid HIV-1 testing on uptake of perinatal HIV-1 interventions: a randomized clinical trial
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Date
2003Author
Malonza, Isaac M
Richardson, Barbra A
Kreiss, Joan K
Bwayo, JJ
Grace, C
Stewart, John
Type
ArticleLanguage
enMetadata
Show full item recordAbstract
Objective
We examined whether HIV-1 testing using a rapid assay increases the proportion of pregnant women obtaining HIV-1 results and the uptake of perinatal HIV-1 interventions.
Methods
Pregnant women attending public health clinics in Nairobi were offered voluntary counselling and testing for HIV-1. Consenting women were randomly assigned to receive either rapid or conventional HIV-1 testing. Women randomly assigned to rapid testing were allowed to receive same-day results or to return later. The results for women randomly assigned to conventional enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) testing were available after 7 days. HIV-1-infected women were referred for antiretroviral prophylaxis to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1.
Results
Among 1282 women offered voluntary HIV-1 testing and counselling, 1249 accepted testing, of whom 627 were randomly assigned to rapid testing and 622 to conventional testing. The median duration between testing and obtaining results was 0 days for women who received rapid testing compared with 11 days for women who received conventional testing. The percentage receiving HIV-1 results was significantly higher among women who received rapid testing compared with conventional testing. Of 161 HIV-1-seropositive women, only 24 received antiretroviral prophylaxis. The uptake of perinatal HIV-1 interventions did not differ between HIV-1-seropositive women randomly assigned to rapid testing or conventional ELISA testing.
Conclusion
Rapid HIV-1 testing significantly increased the proportion of women receiving HIV-1 results, which is important for sexual and perinatal HIV-1 prevention. The challenge remains to improve the uptake of perinatal HIV-1 interventions among HIV-1-seropositive women.
URI
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3380077/http://erepository.uonbi.ac.ke:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/51326
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12478076
Citation
AIDS. 2003 January 3; 17(1): 113–118.Publisher
Department of Reproductive Health and Research, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
Subject
Perinatal HIV interventionsAfrica
Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV
Randomized clinical trial
Rapid HIV testing
Voluntary counselling and testing
Collections
- Faculty of Health Sciences (FHS) [10387]
- Journal Articles [329]