Factors influencing the use of emergency contraceptive pills Among female undergraduate students in Kenya: a case of main Campus hostels of the University of Nairobi.

Abstract

Emergency contraception (EC) is a back-up birth control method that is used within 72 to 120 hours after unprotected or under protected coitus for the prevention of unintended pregnancy or in the event of a known contraceptive failure, such as a condom breaking. Awareness about emergency contraceptive pills does not seem to increase their use in the prevention of unwanted pregnancies in Kenya. Incomplete knowledge on the various factors affecting the use of emergency contraceptive pills for instance ECPs mechanism of action and their side effects leads to misconceptions by users. Limited knowledge of emergency contraceptives and misconceptions impact their use as issues are raised about their safety, the morality of their use, and their effectiveness. Consequent stigmatization further hinders their use. The purpose of this study, therefore, was to explore the factors influencing the use of emergency contraceptive pills among undergraduate students in Kenya by studying a sample of university students who were residents at the main Campus of University of Nairobi. The research design of this study was descriptive survey research.The target population comprised the residential female students of the University of Nairobi’s main campus whose total was 1976. A sample was drawn from female students who reside in the six women hostels found in the main campus. Simple random sampling was adopted for this study, for a sample size of 322 students derived through the krejcie and morgan sampling technique. The students were selected randomly and equally from the six women hostels.The research adopted a questionnaire as the instrument for data collection. Instrument’s validity was checked by use of content validity. The Research instrument’s reliability was done using test -retest technique. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used as a tool for data analysis and the results was presented in form of tables and percentages to make them reader friendly. The qualitative data analysis was done using both content and thematic analysis. The ethical issues related to the study were addressed by maintaining high level confidentiality of the information volunteered by the respondents. The research findings showed that more than two-thirds of students who knew about ECP’s believed that they would use ECP’s after unprotected sexual intercourse and 63% of them agreed to advice friends or relatives to take emergency contraceptives after unprotected sexual intercourse. However, a considerable proportion of respondents reported their fear on using ECP’s and misconceptions. Based on the findings, it was recommended that more information on human sexuality, conception and contraception should be made available to female students once they join college to eliminate misconceptions about contraceptives. In addition, an effort should be made to promote active involvement and participation of male students/partners in the reproductive health services. Parents, the government and non-governmental organisations could become partners in this campaign by playing an active role, rather than be stuck in a cultural quagmire. They could do this through education and participating in campaigns organized by the