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Characterization of a human cervical CD4+ T cell subset coexpressing multiple markers of HIV susceptibility
(2011)
The HIV pandemic disproportionately affects women, with most infections acquired through receptive vaginal sex. Although the target cells by which HIV establishes infection in the female genital tract remain poorly defined, ...
CD8(+) lymphocytes respond to different HIV epitopes in seronegative and infected subjects.
(University of Nairobi, 2001-05)
HIV-1-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) responses have been detected at a low frequency in many HIV-1-exposed, persistently seronegative (HEPS) subjects. However, it is unclear how CTLs could protect against HIV ...
Genital levels of soluble immune factors with anti-HIV activity may correlate with increased HIV susceptibility
(University of Nairobi, 2008-10)
Despite the scale of the HIV pandemic, mucosal innate immune defenses prevent HIV infection after most sexual exposures. Several soluble immune factors with in vitro anti-HIV activity are present at the genital mucosa in ...
Associations of sexual risk taking among Kenyan female sex workers after enrollment in an HIV-1 prevention trial.
(2005-03)
BACKGROUND:
Female sex workers (FSWs) often lack the ability to negotiate safer sex and are at high risk for HIV-1 infection and sexually transmitted infections (STIs).
METHODS:
Seronegative FSWs were enrolled in an ...
HIV-1 Env-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses in exposed, uninfected Kenyan sex workers: a prospective analysis.
(University of Nairobi, 2004-10-21)
The prospective significance of HIV-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses in highly exposed, persistently seronegative populations is unknown. In 1996-1997 we screened for CTL responses against HIV clade B Env ...
Coinfection with herpes simplex virus type 2 is associated with reduced HIV-specific T cell responses and systemic immune activation.
(University of Nairobi,, 2008)
BACKGROUND:
Chronic coinfection with herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has been associated with an increased HIV viral load and more rapid disease progression, perhaps related to ...
Relative HIV Resistance In Kenyan Sex Workers Is Not Due To An Altered Prevalence Or Mucosal Immune Impact Of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Infection.
(University of Nairobi, 2009-09)
Chronic infection by herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) increases HIV susceptibility, perhaps due to HSV-2-associated increases in activated mucosal immune cells. A small number of Kenyan female sex workers (FSWs) exhibit ...
HLA typing in a Kenyan cohort identifies novel class I alleles that restrict cytotoxic T-cell responses to local HIV-1 clades.
(University of Nairobi, 2002-09)
OBJECTIVES:
To investigate HLA class I allele frequencies in a Kenyan commercial sex worker (CSW) cohort, and to examine HIV-1 specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses directed against epitopes derived from locally ...
Recombination following superinfection by HIV-1.
(University of nairobi, 2004)
Background: There is increasing recognition of recombinant HIV-1 strains globally, but it has been unclear whether recombination results from superinfection during untreated, chronic infection.
Objective: To search for ...
Association of sex work with reduced activation of the mucosal immune system
(University of Nairobi, 2014-01)
Background. Unprotected intercourse and seminal discharge are powerful activators of the mucosal immune system and are an important risk factors for HIV transmission. This study was designed to determine if female sex work ...