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Breast-feeding and Transmission of HIV-1.
(University of Nairobi., 2004-02)
Breast-feeding substantially increases the risk of HIV-1 transmission from mother to child, and although peripartum antiretroviral therapy prophylaxis significantly decreases the risk of mother-to-child transmission around ...
CC and CXC chemokines in breastmilk are associated with mother-to-child HIV-1 transmission.
(University of Nairobi., 2005-10)
INTRODUCTION:
CC and CXC chemokines may play a role in mother-to-child HIV-1 transmission by blocking HIV-1 binding to chemokine receptors and impeding viral entry into cells.
METHODS:
To define correlates of breastmilk ...
Performance of Clinical Algorithms for HIV-1 Diagnosis and Antiretroviral Initiation among HIV-1-Exposed Children Aged Less Than 18 Months in Kenya
(2009-04)
Background
Ninety percent of HIV-1-infected children live in sub-Saharan Africa. In the absence of diagnosis and antiretroviral therapy (ART), approximately 50% die before 2 years.
Methods
We evaluated sensitivity ...
Maternal SDF1 3'A polymorphism is associated with increased perinatal human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transmission
(University of Nairobi., 2000-07)
Genetic polymorphisms in chemokine and chemokine receptor genes influence susceptibility to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection and disease progression, but little is known regarding the association between ...
Comparison of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 viral loads in Kenyan women, men, and infants during primary and early infection
(University of Nairobi., 2003-06)
Steady-state levels of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) RNA in plasma reached at approximately 4 months postinfection are highly predictive of disease progression. Several studies have investigated viral levels ...
The efficacy of pyrimethamine-sulfadoxine (Fansidar) in the treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Kenyan children
(University of Nairobi., 2000-02)
Preventing mother-to-child transmission of HIV in Western Kenya: operational issues.
(University of Nairobi., 2005-11)
OBJECTIVES:
To improve uptake in a program to prevent mother-to-child HIV transmission and describe lessons relevant for prevention of mother-to-child transmission programs in resource-poor settings.
METHODS:
Implementation ...
Illness during pregnancy and bacterial vaginosis are associated with in-utero HIV-1 transmission
(University of Nairobi., 2010-01)
HIV-1 transmission in utero accounts for 20-30% of vertical transmission events in breast-feeding populations. In a prospective study of 463 HIV-1-infected mothers and infants, illness during pregnancy was associated with ...
Breast Milk HIV-1 RNA Levels and Female Sex Are Associated With HIV-1–Specific CD8+ T-Cell Responses in HIV-1–Exposed, Uninfected Infants in Kenya
(2011)
Background. Although evidence supports a relationship between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–1 exposure and HIV-1−specific CD8+ T cell responses, studies have not demonstrated a direct association between the quantity ...
Antenatal couple counselling increases uptake of intervention to prevent HIV-1 tranmission
(2004-12)
To determine effect of partner involvement and couple counseling on uptake of interventions to prevent HIV-1 transmission, women attending a Nairobi antenatal clinic were encouraged to return with partners for voluntary ...