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Prevalence and magnitude of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1-specific lymphocyte responses in breast milk from HIV-1-seropositive women.
(2003)
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1-specific cell-mediated immunity of breast milk may influence the likelihood of mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 via breast-feeding. In breast-milk specimens collected during ...
Cloning and characterization of functional subtype A HIV-1 envelope variants transmitted through breastfeeding.
(University of Nairobi., 2007-03)
Previous studies of HIV-1 variants transmitted from mother-to-infant have focused primarily on computational analyses of partial envelope gene sequences, rather than analyses of functional envelope variants. There are very ...
Neutralization escape variants of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 are transmitted from mother to infant
(University of Nairobi., 2006-01)
Maternal passive immunity typically plays a critical role in protecting infants from new infections; however, the specific contribution of neutralizing antibodies in limiting mother-to-child transmission of human ...
Performance of Clinical Algorithms for HIV-1 Diagnosis and Antiretroviral Initiation among HIV-1-Exposed Children Aged Less Than 18 Months in Kenya
(2009-04)
Background
Ninety percent of HIV-1-infected children live in sub-Saharan Africa. In the absence of diagnosis and antiretroviral therapy (ART), approximately 50% die before 2 years.
Methods
We evaluated sensitivity ...
Rapid method for screening dried blood samples on filter paper for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 DNA
(University of Nairobi., 1992-02)
PCR is a highly sensitive method for the detection of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) nucleic acids in blood mononuclear cells and plasma. However, blood separation techniques require extensive laboratory support ...
Maternal SDF1 3'A polymorphism is associated with increased perinatal human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transmission
(University of Nairobi., 2000-07)
Genetic polymorphisms in chemokine and chemokine receptor genes influence susceptibility to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection and disease progression, but little is known regarding the association between ...
Comparison of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 viral loads in Kenyan women, men, and infants during primary and early infection
(University of Nairobi., 2003-06)
Steady-state levels of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) RNA in plasma reached at approximately 4 months postinfection are highly predictive of disease progression. Several studies have investigated viral levels ...
The efficacy of pyrimethamine-sulfadoxine (Fansidar) in the treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Kenyan children
(University of Nairobi., 2000-02)
Studies of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 mucosal viral shedding and transmission in Kenya.
(University of Nairobi., 1999-05)
If human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) vaccines are to be highly effective, it is essential to understand the virologic factors that contribute to HIV-1 transmission. It is likely that transmission is determined, ...
Community understanding of pneumonia in Kenya
(2008-06)
Background
Effective management of pneumonia demands active participation by the caretaker to facilitate early seeking of appropriate health care and adequate compliance to home care messages. This would only be possible ...