Factors associated with virological failure among patients on second-line ART at Kenyatta national hospital.

Abstract

Background: The HIV/AIDS scourge posture a serious difficulty to authorities, health operations, including societies throughout the globe. Relevant utilization regarding antiretroviral (ARV’s) has enhanced the well-being of several humans with the immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Significant effectiveness regarding HIV medication depends upon the sustenance of immense levels concerning adherence to ARV; notwithstanding, ARV regimens remain often times intricate moreover it can be altered on changing dosing schedules, failing to have decent dietary specifications including subjects exhibiting adverse outcomes. More than half of people in low and middle income nations may not sustain viral suppression on second-line antiretroviral therapy (ART), according to research proffered at the 25th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI 2018). Entrance toward second-line antiretroviral medication (ART) concerning HIV-positive subjects continues inadequately within South of the Sahara. The World Health Organization advocates a second-line ART for grown-ups of a pair of nucleoside reversetranscriptase inhibitors + a ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitor. Viral load is recommended on a specific plan of medication as the favored observation procedure for diagnosis and verification of ARV regimen breakdown furthermore if viral load is regularly unavailable Study Objective: To use multivariate analysis techniques to establish clinical and socio demographic factors related to second-line ART virological failure for patients on follow-up at KNH-CCC. Methodology: Exploratory analysis was conducted on the categorical variables to provide summaries of the data. Further inferential analysis was done using multivariate and cluster analysis. A multivariable analysis was applied to concurrently examine whether multiple risk factors (referred to as independent variables) are associated with a specific outcome (attributed to as the dependent variable). Justification: It is important that the patients on second line ART treatment continue staying on this treatment. This study provides important baseline information of factors associated with failure of second line ART which can be addressed and investigated further to avoid patients being changed to third line ART treatment with its complications and cost implications.