dc.contributor.author | Nduati, RW | |
dc.contributor.author | John, R C | |
dc.contributor.author | Richardson, BA | |
dc.contributor.author | Overbaugh, J | |
dc.contributor.author | Welch, M | |
dc.contributor.author | Ndinya-Achola, JO | |
dc.contributor.author | Moses, S | |
dc.contributor.author | Holmes, K | |
dc.contributor.author | Onyango, F | |
dc.contributor.author | Kreiss, J K | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2013-04-29T12:01:14Z | |
dc.date.available | 2013-04-29T12:01:14Z | |
dc.date.issued | 1995-12 | |
dc.identifier.citation | Journal of Infectious Diseases.1995;172(6):1461-8 | en |
dc.identifier.issn | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7594703 | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://erepository.uonbi.ac.ke:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/17713 | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7594703 | |
dc.description | Journal article | en |
dc.description.abstract | Breast milk samples from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-seropositive women were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction to determine the prevalence and determinants of HIV-1-infected cells in breast milk. Breast milk samples (212) were collected from 107 women, and 58% of the samples had detectable HIV-1 DNA. The proportion of HIV-1-infected cells in the milk samples ranged from 1 to 3255/10(4) cells. Breast milk samples with detectable HIV-1 DNA were more likely to be from women with absolute CD4 cell counts of < 400 (odds ratio, 3.1; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.5-7.0). Severe vitamin A deficiency (< 20 micrograms/dL) was associated with a 20-fold increased risk of having HIV-1 DNA in breast milk among women with < 400 CD4 cells/mm3 (95% CI, 2.1-188.5). Women with CD4 cell depletion, especially those with vitamin A deficiency, may be at increased risk of transmitting HIV-1 to their infants through breast milk. | en |
dc.language.iso | en | en |
dc.subject | Human immunodeficiency virus | en |
dc.subject | Type 1-infected cells | en |
dc.subject | Breast Milk | en |
dc.subject | Immunosuppression | en |
dc.subject | Vitamin A deficiency. | en |
dc.title | Human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected cells in breast milk: association with immunosuppression and vitamin A deficiency | en |
dc.type | Article | en |
local.publisher | Department of paediatrics, University of Nairobi | en |