Tumours and tumourllike conditions of the jawbones: a radiologic and histologic correlation

Abstract

Tumours and tumour-like conditions of the jawbones have similar clinical presentations irrespective of the underlying pathology. These tumours even when histologically benign cause gross disfiguring of the affected patients. Their diagnoses depend both on imaging features and histology.

The aim of the study was to underline the importance of Radiology in the diagnosis of tumours and tumour-like conditions of the jawbones; to ascertain the age and sex distribution, relative frequency and anatomical distribution of these lesions. This study also evaluated the correlation between the radiological and histopathological diagnoses of these lesions and compared these findings with studies done elsewhere.

This was a five year retrospective descriptive study from January 2000 to December 2004 undertaken in the two main referral institutions of dental pathology in Kenya; namely Kenyatta National Hospital, Dental Unit and Dental School Hospital of the University of Nairobi. It included consecutive patients seen at the two institutions during the period of study with the relevant clinical diagnosis and complete histopathological and radiological records. The imaging modality reviewed was the Orthopantomogram. A correlation was then made between the radiological and histopathological diagnoses and the results presented with the aid of tables.

A total of 181 cases were recorded over a five year period. Odontogenic tumours were the most frequent tumours (47.5%). The most prevalent tumour overall was Ameloblastoma (38.7%) followed by Odontogenic Keratocyst (9.9%). The overall mean age was 28.9 years. Overall there was no statistically significant gender predominance. The average duration of illness was 34.7 years. Jaw tumours showed a predilection for the mandible. In at least 82.3% of cases, the radiological and histopathological diagnoses correlated.

There is a high level of correlation between radiological and histopathological diagnoses which is essential for optimal patient care.