Faculty of Science & Technology (FST): Recent submissions
Now showing items 341-360 of 4283
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Using fuzzy cognitive maps in modelling and representing weather lore for seasonal weather forecasting over east and Southern Africa
(University of Nairobi, 2017)The creation of scientific weather forecasts is troubled by many technological challenges while their utilization is dismal. Consequently, the majority of small-scale farmers in Africa continue to consult weather lore to ... -
Awareness and Prevalence of Mycotoxin Contamination in Selected Nigerian Fermented Foods
(University of Nairobi, 2017)Fermented food samples (n = 191) including maize gruel (ogi), sorghum gruel (ogi-baba), melon seed (ogiri), locust bean (iru) and African oil bean seed (ugba) from Southwest Nigeria were quantified for 23 mycotoxins, ... -
Field evaluation of resistance to aflatoxin accumulation in maize inbred lines in Kenya and South Africa
(University of Nairobi, 2017)Aflatoxin, a carcinogenic toxin, is produced mainly by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus. Contamination of maize (Zea mays L.) grain by these fungi occurs before harvest, and the easiest strategy to prevent ... -
Susceptibility of locally cultivated groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) varieties to aflatoxin accumulation in Homa Bay County, Kenya
(University of Nairobi, 2017)Groundnut is one of the staple foods in many parts of the world. Due to its high nutrient content, the nuts are liable to colonization by aflatoxigenic fungi and subsequent aflatoxin accumulation. This study was aimed ... -
Mycoflora and mycotoxins in finished fish feed and feed ingredients from smallholder farms in East Africa
(University of Nairobi, 2017)A total of 52 samples of finished fish feeds and ingredients were collected from smallholder farmers in Kenya, Tanzania, Rwanda and Uganda, and analyzed. Culture and molecular techniques were used to identify fungal ... -
Effects of Medicinal Plant Extracts and Photosensitization on Aflatoxin Producing Aspergillus flavus (Raper and Fennell)
(University of Nairobi, 2017)This study was undertaken with an aim of exploring the effectiveness of medicinal plant extracts in the control of aflatoxin production. Antifungal properties, photosensitization, and phytochemical composition of aqueous ... -
Molecular profile of malaria drug resistance markers of Plasmodium falciparum in Suriname
(University of Nairobi, 2017)In Suriname, an artesunate monotherapy therapeutic efficacy trial was recently conducted to evaluate partial artemisinin resistance emerging in Plasmodium falciparum We genotyped the PfK13 propeller domain of P. falciparum ... -
Determining resistance to Fusarium verticillioides and fumonisin accumulation in African maize inbred lines resistant to Aspergillus flavus and aflatoxins
(University of Nairobi, 2017)Fusarium verticillioides and Aspergillus flavus cause Fusarium ear rot (FER) and Aspergillus ear rot (AER) of maize, respectively. Both pathogens are of concern to producers as they reduce grain yield and affect quality. ... -
Histidine-rich protein 2 (pfhrp2) and pfhrp3 gene deletions in Plasmodium falciparum isolates from select sites in Brazil and Bolivia
(University of Nairobi, 2017)More than 80% of available malaria rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) are based on the detection of histidine-rich protein-2 (PfHRP2) for diagnosis of Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Recent studies have shown the genes that code ... -
Genetic characterisation of plasmodium falciparum isolates with deletion of the PFHRP2 and/or PFHRP3 genes in Colombia: The amazon region, a challenge for Malaria diagnosis and control
(University of Nairobi, 2017)Most Plasmodium falciparum-detecting rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) target histidine-rich protein 2 (PfHRP2). However, P. falciparumisolates with deletion of the pfhrp2 gene and its homolog gene, pfhrp3, have been detected. ... -
Sex-related differences in hematological parameters and organosomatic indices of oreochromis niloticus exposed to aflatoxin B1 diet
(University of Nairobi, 2017)A 24-week feeding experiment was conducted to assess whether males and females of Oreochromis niloticus exhibit differences in their hematological responses and organosomatic indices to dietary AFB1 contamination. Triplicate ... -
Chronological constraints on Tsavorite Mineralizations and related metamorphic episodes in Southeast Kenya
(University of Nairobi, 2017)Tsavorite is exclusively hosted in the Neoproterozoic Metamorphic Mozambique Belt (NMMB). The gemstone mines, widespread between Kalalani (Tanzania) and Mgama Ridge (Kenya), define a continuous corridor over a hundred ... -
Assessment of Sulphur dioxide levels in selected sites in Athi river, Kenya
(University of Nairobi, 2017)Industrialization, economic growth, urbanization and population growth have been responsible for air pollution in developing countries. The discharge of harmful chemicals and increased combustion of fossil fuels, affect ... -
An assessment of e-extension platforms in Kenya
(University of Nairobi, 2017-07)The use of ICT in agriculture within developing countrie s has quickly gained popularity among development agencies, the private sector and even the government. ICT for ... -
Study of anti-tuberculosis activity behaviour of natural Kaurane and trachylobane diterpenes compared with structural properties obtained by theoretical calculations
(University of Nairobi, 2017)A set of seven diterpenes, three kauranes and four trachylobanes, isolated from the African plant Psiadia punctulata were assayed against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and reached activity comparable with cycloserine, a second ... -
Designing mAgriculture applications for rural smallholder farmers
(University of Nairobi, 2017)CT has been widely accepted and adopted as a key driver for various secto rs of the economy for both the developing and developed nations. In developing countries, there have been ... -
Three chalconoids and a pterocarpene from the roots of tephrosia aequilata.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)In our search for new antiplasmodial agents, the CH₂Cl₂/CH₃OH (1:1) extract of the roots of Tephrosia aequilata was investigated, and observed to cause 100% mortality of the chloroquine-sensitive (3D7) strain of Plasmodium ... -
Isoflavones and rotenoids from the leaves of millettia oblata ssp. Teitensis.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)A new isoflavone, 8-prenylmilldrone (1), and four new rotenoids, oblarotenoids A-D (2-5), along with nine known compounds (6-14), were isolated from the CH2Cl2/CH3OH (1:1) extract of the leaves of Millettia oblata ssp. ... -
Antiplasmodial prenylated flavanonols from tephrosia subtriflora
(2017)The CH2Cl2/MeOH (1:1) extract of the aerial parts of Tephrosia subtriflora afforded a new flavanonol, named subtriflavanonol (1), along with the known flavanone spinoflavanone B, and the known flavanonols MS-II (2) and ... -
First comprehensive study on total contents and hot water extractable fraction of selected elements in 19 medicinal plants from various locations in Nyamira County, Kenya.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)A large number of medicinal plants is traditionally known in Kenya and used for treatment of various diseases, for example diabetes, where metals are supposed to be involved in pathogenesis and therapy. Therefore, detailed ...