Faculty of Science & Technology (FST): Recent submissions
Now showing items 41-60 of 4283
-
Earth’s Sediment Cycle During the Anthropocene
(University of Nairobi, 2022)The global sediment cycle is a fundamental feature of the Earth system, balancing competing factors such as orogeny, physical–chemical erosion and human action. In this Review, values of the magnitudes of several sources ... -
Integrating Stakeholder Preferences Into Ecosystem Services Mapping in Yala Wetland, Kenya
(University of Nairobi, 2022)Wetlands such as the Yala swamp in Kenya are among the most important and increasingly threatened ecosystems globally due to their ecological significance and complexity, and the importance of the ecosystem services (ES) ... -
Antibacterial Activities and Phytochemical Screening of Crude Extracts from Kenyan Macaranga Species Towards MDR Phenotypes Expressing Effux Pumps
(University of Nairobi, 2021)Macaranga species are traditionally used for the treatment and management of coughing, fungal infection, and wounds. In this study, the phytochemical screening and antibacterial activities of nine crude extracts from ... -
Antibacterial Secondary Metabolites From Vernonia Auriculifera Hiern (Asteraceae) Against Mdr Phenotypes
(University of Nairobi, 2022)Purification of the aerial parts of Vernonia auriculifera Hiern afforded steroids (1–2), flavonoids (3–5), and polyalcohol (6). Their structures were determined using spectral evidences as well as by comparison with ... -
Mechanism of Action of Endophytic Fungi Hypocrea Lixii and Beauveria Bassiana in Phaseolus Vulgaris as Biopesticides Against Pea Leafminer and Fall Armyworm
(University of Nairobi, 2021-09)Endophytic fungal isolates Hypocrea lixii F3ST1 and Beauveria bassiana G1LU3 were evalu- ated for their potential to endophytically colonize and induce active compounds in Phaseolus vulgaris, as a defense mechanism against ... -
Concurrent Machine learning Assisted Raman Spectroscopy of Whole Blood and Saliva for Breast Cancer Diagnostics
(AJPS, 2021-06-30)Highly sensitive and unique biomarkers are needed for early cancer detection. In particular, biomarkers in biofluids can be useful in detecting the existence of a tumor early in the body. The utility of biofluid markers ... -
Petrography and Geochemistry of the Rocks in Lodwar, Kenya and their Influences on Groundwater Quality
(AJPS, 2021-06-30)Rock geochemistry influences groundwater quality and the aquifer processes of an area. The geology of the study area comprises quartzo-feldspathic gneiss and biotite gneiss of the Precambrian basement, sedimentary Turkana ... -
Occurrence and Distribution of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in Water from Nairobi River Basin, Kenya, East Africa
(AJPS, 2021-06)Polybrominated diphenyl ethers are linked to adverse health effects that include thyroid hormone disruption, neuro-developmental deficit, abnormal pregnancy, and potential carcinogens. This study was aimed at assessing the ... -
Rare Alleles and Signatures of Selection on the Immunodominant Domains of Pfs230 and Pfs48/45 in Malaria Parasites From Western Kenya
(University of Nairobi, 2022)Background: Malaria elimination and eradication efforts can be advanced by including transmission-blocking or reducing vaccines (TBVs) alongside existing interventions. Key transmission-blocking vaccine candidates, such ... -
Environmental Distribution and Risk of Exposure of Heavy Metal Pollutants From Lolgorian Artisanal Gold Mining in Kenya
(University of Nairobi, 2022)The aim of the study was to assess the distribution of heavy metals in the environmental compartments from artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM) activities from Lolgorian, Kenya. The investigation was carried out ... -
Cytotoxic Alkaloids From the Root of Zanthoxylum Paracanthum (Mildbr) Kokwaro
(University of Nairobi, 2022)Chemical investigation of the root of Zanthoxylum paracanthum afforded 1 new alkamide derivative, (2E,4E)-6-oxo-N-isobutyldeca-2,4-dienamide (1) together with 10 known congeners including one phenolic amide (2), four ... -
Synthesis of a pyrrolidine derivative of a carvotacetone and monoterpenes for anti-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and anti-cryptococcal properties
(University of Nairobi, 2022-05)Monoterpene derivatives are of great biological relevance in the pharmaceutical industry. In the present study, pyrrolidine derivative of a carvotacetone, 3-O-benzylcarvotacetone (1), and selected monoterpenes (3-hydroxy ... -
Molecular Survey of Babesia Parasites in Kenya: First Detailed Report on Occurrence of Babesia Bovis in Cattle
(University of Nairobi, 2022)Background: Among protozoan parasites in the genus Babesia, Babesia bigemina is endemic and widespread in the East African region while the status of the more pathogenic Babesia bovis remains unclear despite the presence ... -
Pentavalent vaccination in Kenya: coverage and geographical accessibility to health facilities using data from a community demographic and health surveillance system in Kilifi County
(University of Nairobi, 2022-04)Background: There is substantial evidence that immunization is one of the most significant and cost-effective pillars of preventive and promotive health interventions. Effective childhood immunization coverage is thus ... -
Behavioral Responses of Pyrethroid Resistant and Susceptible Anopheles Gambiae Mosquitoes to Insecticide Treated Bed Net
(University of Nairobi, 2022)Background Long-lasting insecticidal nets are an effective tool in reducing malaria transmission. However, with increasing insecticide resistance little is known about how physiologically resistant malaria vectors behave ... -
A new gnidiflavanone-flavonol dimer and other constituents from Gnidia apiculata
(University of Nairobi, 2022-04)A new 3,8''-flavanone-flavonol dimer gnidiflavanone-flavonol (1) and 10 known compounds (2-11), including four rare primula-type flavones 2-5, were isolated from the roots of Gnidia apiculata. Compounds 2-5 and 7 were ... -
Ultrasensitive detection of plant hormone abscisic acid-based surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy aptamer sensor
(University of Nairobi, 2022-03)Abscisic acid (ABA), as the most common plant hormone in the growth of wheat, can greatly affect the yield when its levels deviate from normal. Therefore, highly sensitive and selective detection of this hormone is greatly ... -
Sensitivity Analysis of a Transmission Interruption Model for the Soil-Transmitted Helminth Infections in Kenya
(University of Nairobi, 2022-03)As the world rallies toward the endgame of soil-transmitted helminths (STH) elimination by the year 2030, there is a need for efficient and robust mathematical models that would enable STH programme managers to target the ... -
Signatures of selection and drivers for novel mutation on transmission-blocking vaccine candidate Pfs25 gene in western Kenya
(University of Nairobi, 2022-04)Background: Leading transmission-blocking vaccine candidates such as Plasmodium falciparum surface protein 25 (Pfs25 gene) may undergo antigenic alterations which may render them ineffective or allele-specific. This study ... -
Acaricide resistance in livestock ticks infesting cattle in Africa: Current status and potential mitigation strategies
(University of Nairobi, 2022-05)In many African countries, tick control has recently been the responsibility of resource-poor farmers rather than central government veterinary departments. This has led to an increase in acaricide resistance, threatening ...