Browsing Faculty of Health Sciences (FHS) by Author "D'Costa, LJ"
Now showing items 21-40 of 42
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Human immunodeficiency virus, genital ulcers and the male foreskin: synergism in HIV-1 transmission.
(University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, CanadaDepartment of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, 1990)Epidemiologic studies in Nairobi and elsewhere in Africa, have shown that men infected with HIV-1 more commonly have a history of genital ulcer disease compared to uninfected men. In one study, HIV infected men were three ... -
Isolation and identification of Haemophilus ducreyi in a clinical laboratory
(University of NairobiDepartment of Medicine, 1986-09)Routine procedures used to isolate Haemophilus ducreyi in a busy laboratory are reported. Identification was based on colony morphology and nutritional and biochemical properties of 120 fresh isolates of H. ducreyi. These ... -
Microbiology of vaginal discharge in Nairobi, Kenya.
(1983)Among women attending a sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinic in Nairobi with vaginal discharge, Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis were isolated from the cervix in 32 (26%) of 122 and four (7%) of 58 women ... -
Parents of infants with ophthalmia neonatorum: a high-risk group for sexually transmitted diseases
(University of Nairobi,Department of Medicine, 1985-09)One hundred forty-nine mothers and 74 fathers of infants who presented at the Special Treatment Clinic (Nairobi) with ophthalmia neonatorum were evaluated. Neisseria gonorrhoeae was isolated from 60 (40%) of 149 mothers ... -
Prediction of HIV infection by treatment failure for chancroid, a genital ulcer disease
(Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Health Sciences, University of Nairobi, 1988) -
Prostitutes are a major reservoir of sexually transmitted diseases in Nairobi, Kenya.
(University of Nairobi,Department of Medicine, 1985-06)Prostitutes are a major reservoir of sexually transmitted diseases in many developing nations. In Nairobi we found that 16%, 28%, and 46%, respectively, of upper-, middle-, and lower-social strata prostitutes were infected ... -
A randomized, double-blind study of the efficacy of fleroxacin versus trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in men with culture-proven chancroid.
(World Health Organisation Centre for Research and Training on Sexually Transmitted DiseasesDepartment of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, Kenya., 1992)Chancroid is linked to the spread of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in East Africa. Effective, easily administered therapy is a priority for the control of Haemophilus ducreyi. The efficacy of a single oral ... -
Retrospective seroepidemiology of AIDS virus infection in Nairobi populations
(Department of Community Health, University of Nairobi,Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, 1987)Among 446 sera from prostitutes in Nairobi, the prevalence of antibody to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) rose from 4% in 1981 to 61% in 1985. None of 118 men with chancroid seen in 1980 had antibody to HIV compared ... -
Short-course and single-dose antimicrobial therapy for chancroid in Kenya: studies with rifampin alone and in combination with trimethoprim.
(University of Nairobi,Department of Medicine, 1983-08)Tetracyclines and sulfonamides are no longer effective for the treatment of chancroid in many parts of the world. Rifampin and trimethoprim both possess in vitro activity against Haemophilus ducreyi, the causative agent ... -
Single dose spectinomycin for the treatment of chancroid: a comparison of 2 g versus 4 g
(Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Health Sciences, University of Nairobi, 1983) -
Single-dose cefixime versus single-dose ceftriaxone in the treatment of antimicrobial-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection.
(Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, Kenya., 1992)Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) have a significant adverse effect on reproductive and child health worldwide. The control of STDs such as gonorrhea is therefore an absolute priority. Cefixime, an oral third-generation ... -
Single-dose ceftriaxone therapy of gonococcal ophthalmia neonatorum
(University of Nairobi, 1986-01)Ceftriaxone (125 mg) given as a single intramuscular dose without topical therapy was evaluated in seven infants with smear-positive gonococcal ophthalmia neonatorum. Neisseria gonorrhoeae was isolated from the eyes of six ... -
Single-dose therapy of chancroid with trimethoprim-sulfametrole
(University of Nairobi,Department of Medicine, 1983-07)We conducted a randomized double-blind trial comparing a single dose of trimethoprim-sulfametrole (640 to 3200 mg) with five-day regimens of either trimethoprim-sulfametrole (160 to 800 mg twice daily) or trimethoprim alone ... -
Single-dose therapy of gonococcal ophthalmia neonatorum with ceftriaxone
(Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, 1986)We conducted a randomized clinical trial comparing a single intramuscular dose of 125 mg of ceftriaxone with a single intramuscular dose of 75 mg of kanamycin followed by topical gentamicin for seven days, and with a single ... -
Single-dose therapy with trimethoprim-sulfametrole for chancroid in females
(University of Nairobi,Department of Medicine, 1986-09)Women with genital ulcer disease who were culture-positive for Haemophilus ducreyi were treated with a single dose of the drug combination trimethoprim-sulfametrole; the dosage was 640 mg of trimethoprim and 3,200 mg of ... -
Three day oral course of Augmentin to treat chancroid.
(Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, Kenya, 1986)Amoxycillin and clavulanic acid (Augmentin; Beecham Research Laboratories) was used to treat patients with bacteriologically proved chancroid in three different dose regimens. A single dose of Augmentin (amoxycillin 3 g, ... -
Treating chancroid with enoxacin
(Centre for Microbiology Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, 1988)Increasing resistance of Haemophilus ducreyi to antimicrobials necessitates further trials of new antimicrobial agents for treating chancroid. Enoxacin has excellent in vitro activity against H ducreyi, and a randomised ... -
Treatment of chancroid by clavulanic acid with amoxycillin in patients with beta-lactamase-positive Haemophilus ducreyi infection.
(University of Nairobi,Department of Medicine, 1982-09)Multiresistant strains of Haemophilus ducreyi, the aetiological agent of chancroid, are prevalent in Nairobi, Kenya, where tetracyclines and sulphonamides are no longer very effective in the treatment of chancroid. The ... -
Treatment of chancroid with ciprofloxacin. A prospective, randomized clinical trial.
(Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, 1987)Chancroid is a major sexually transmitted disease in many developing countries. Although single-dose and short-course treatment of chancroid have been described, the increasing resistance of Hemophilus ducreyi to antimicrobial ... -
Treatment of chancroid. A comparison of sulphamethoxazole and trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole.
(University of Nairobi,Department of Medicine, 1983-10)Since sulphonamides are no longer predictably effective in the treatment of chancroid the combination of trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) was evaluated to identify other effective regimens. One hundred and nine ...
