Browsing Faculty of Health Sciences (FHS) by Author "D'Costa, LJ"
Now showing items 1-20 of 42
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Advances in the diagnosis and management of chancroid
(University of Nairobi,Department of Medicine, 1986-09)Improved technologies for the cultural diagnosis of chancroid have resulted in increased interest in the management and control of genital ulcer disease. New treatment regimens have been identified, and new control strategies ... -
AIDS virus infection in Nairobi prostitutes. Spread of the epidemic to East Africa.
(Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, Kenya, 1986)The acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is epidemic in Central Africa. To determine the prevalence of AIDS virus infection in East Africa, we studied 90 female prostitutes, 40 men treated at a clinic for sexually ... -
Antimicrobial therapy of chancroid: an evaluation of five treatment regimens correlated with in vitro sensitivity
(University of Nairobi,Department of Medicine, 1983-03)One hundred fifty-one men with genital ulcer disease were assigned randomly to treatment with one of five oral antimicrobial regimens: (1) sulfadimidine (1 g four times daily for seven days); (2) tetracycline (500 mg four ... -
Antimicrobial therapy of chancroid: effectiveness of erythromycin
(University of Nairobi,Department of Medicine, 1983-10)The emergence of Haemophilus ducreyi resistant to multiple antibiotics has limited the effectiveness of sulfonamides and tetracycline for the therapy of chancroid. A randomized, double-blind study compared 10-day courses ... -
Cefotaxime treatment of Haemophilus ducreyi infection in Kenya.
(University of Nairobi,Department of Medicine, 1984-12)The authors conducted a double-blind randomized clinical trial comparing single-dose cefotaxime (1 g im) plus daily placebo injections with cefotaxime (1 g im on each of three days). Each regimen was given with probenicid ... -
Clinical and microbiologic studies of genital ulcers in Kenyan women.
(University of Nairobi,Department of Medicine, 1985-12)The etiology of genital ulcers in women in tropical regions is poorly understood. Eighty-nine women, presenting to a sexually transmitted disease clinic in Nairobi (Kenya) with a primary complaint of genital ulcers, were ... -
The clinical diagnosis of genital ulcer disease in men in the tropics
(University of Nairobi,Department of Medicine, 1984-06)Since the clinical diagnosis of genital ulcers without laboratory confirmation is not reliable in developed countries, we postulated that clinical diagnosis alone would be no more reliable in developing countries. A ... -
Clinical evaluation of rosoxacin for the treatment of chancroid
(Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, CanadaDepartment of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, 1986)One hundred seven men with Haemophilus ducreyi-positive chancroid were assigned to receive 300 mg of rosoxacin as a single dose or 150 mg twice daily for 3 days. Ulcers and buboes were followed clinically and bacteriologicaily ... -
Comparison of Sheffield media with standard media for the isolation of Haemophilus ducreyi
(Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, CanadaDepartment of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, 1989)Isolation of Haemophilus ducreyi is the only method for the definitive diagnosis of chancroid. Culture on supplemented gonococcal base (GCHgs) or on supplemented Muller-Hinton agar (MHHb) has yielded the best isolation ... -
Despite safer sex practices after counselling, seroconversion is high among HIV serodiscordant couples in Nairobi, Kenya
(Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Health Sciences, University of Nairobi, 1991) -
Epidemiology of chancroid and Haemophilus ducreyi in Nairobi, Kenya
(University of Nairobi,Department of Medicine, 1983-12)Of 300 men in Nairobi, Kenya, with culture-proven chancroid, 57% had acquired infection from prostitutes. The majority of infections were acquired in the city of Nairobi. All 10 female source contacts examined had genital ... -
Epidemiology of ophthalmia neonatorum in Kenya
(Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, CanadaDepartment of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, 1986)In a Nairobi hospital where ocular prophylaxis against ophthalmia neonatorum has been discontinued, 1,019 women were screened for Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis during labour and 7 and 28 days postpartum. ... -
Female to male transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1: risk factors for seroconversion in men
(Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, 1989)To determine the frequency and risk factors for female to male sexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), a prospective study was carried out in 422 men who had acquired a sexually transmitted ... -
Genital ulceration as a risk factor for human immunodeficiency virus infection.
(Department of Medical Microbiology, University of NairobiDepartment of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle., 1988)Among 115 heterosexual men who presented with genital ulcers to a sexually transmitted disease clinic in Nairobi, Kenya, the prevalence of serum antibody to HIV was 16.5%. A past history of genital ulcers was reported by ... -
Genital ulcers in Kenya. Clinical and laboratory study.
(University of Nairobi,Department of Medicine, 1981-12)Of 97 patients with genital ulcers attending a special treatment clinic in Nairobi, Kenya, 60 harboured Haemophilus ducreyi, four herpes simplex virus, and five Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Eleven patients had serological evidence ... -
Gonococcal drug resistance and treatment of gonorrhoea in Nairobi
(University of Nairobi.Department of Medicine, 1980-04)PIP: The in vitro antibiotic sensitivities of 108 isolates of Neisseria gonorrhoeae from a Nairobi clinic were determined by the agar dilution method. The results indicate that the majority of gonococci were relatively ... -
HIV infection among lower socioeconomic strata prostitutes in Nairobi
(Department of Community Health, University of Nairobi,Department of Medical Microbiology, University of NairobiCentre for Microbiologic Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, 1990)A cohort of 418 lower socioeconomic strata prostitutes were enrolled in a study of the epidemiology of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) between January and April 1985. Sixty-two per cent of the women were seropositive ... -
Human immunodeficiency virus infection among men with sexually transmitted diseases. Experience from a center in Africa
(Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, Kenya, 1988)Heterosexual transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) appears to occur readily in Africa but less commonly in North America and Europe. We conducted a case-control study among men attending a clinic for ... -
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 seroconversion in women with genital ulcers
(Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, Kenya., 1994)Genital ulcers are implicated as a risk factor enhancing susceptibility to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. A prospective study to determine the incidence of and risk factors associated with acquisition ... -
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 seroconversion in women with genital ulcers.
(Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, Kenya, 1994)Genital ulcers are implicated as a risk factor enhancing susceptibility to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. A prospective study to determine the incidence of and risk factors associated with acquisition ...
