Browsing Faculty of Health Sciences (FHS) by Author "Nagelkerke, NJ"
Now showing items 1-20 of 32
-
Acute sexually transmitted infections increase human immunodeficiency virus type 1 plasma viremia, increase plasma type 2 cytokines, and decrease CD4 cell counts
(Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, CanadaDepartment of Community Health, University of Nairobi,Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, 2000)In Kenya, the median incubation time to AIDS in seroconverting sex workers is 4 years; this incubation time is specific to female sex workers.We studied the influence of acute sexually transmitted infections (STIs) on ... -
Antibodies to opacity proteins (Opa) correlate with a reduced risk of gonococcal salpingitis.
(Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, CanadaDepartment of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada., 1994)Acute salpingitis complicating cervical gonococcal infection is a significant cause of infertility. Relatively little data are available concerning the pathophysiologic mechanisms of this disease. A cohort of 243 prostitutes ... -
Antimicrobial prophylaxis in pregnancy: A randomized placebo-controlled trial with cefetamet-Pivoxil in pregnant women with a poor obstetric history
(University of NairobiFaculty of medicine, 1997)OBJECTIVE: This study was undertaken to measure the impact of a single oral dose of cefetamet-pivoxil on pregnancy outcome in a population with substantial rates of low birth weight and high prevalence rates of maternal ... -
Antimicrobial prophylaxis in pregnancy: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial with cefetamet-pivoxil in pregnant women with a poor obstetric history
(World Health Organization Centre for Research and Training in Sexually Transmitted DiseasesDepartment of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, Kenya., 1997)OBJECTIVE: This study was undertaken to measure the impact of a single oral dose of cefetamet-pivoxil on pregnancy outcome in a population with substantial rates of low birth weight and high prevalence rates of maternal ... -
The association between lack of male circumcision and risk for HIV infection: a review of the epidemiological data.
(Department of Community Health, University of Nairobi, Kenya, 1994)Whether male circumcision reduces the risk of acquiring human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection remains controversial. STUDY DESIGN: As there have now been a number of studies conducted that have examined this issue, ... -
Associations of human leukocyte antigen DRB with resistance or susceptibility to HIV-1 infection in the Pumwani Sex Worker Cohort
(Department of Community Health, University of Nairobi,National Microbiology Laboratory, Winnipeg, Canada, 2008)OBJECTIVE: A group of commercial sex workers in the Pumwani Sex Worker Cohort, established in 1985 in Nairobi, Kenya, remain HIV-1 uninfected despite heavy exposure to HIV-1 through active sex work. Previous studies showed ... -
Breastfeeding and immunity to intestinal infections
(Ministry of Health, Kenya, 1995)The purpose of this study was to compare immune response in breast and non breastfed children presenting with diarrhoea at Paediatric Observation Ward, Kenyatta National Hospital (KNH-POW) and Maternal and Child Health ... -
Breastfeeding and immunity to intestinal infections
(Ministry of Health, KenyaDepartment of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, Kenya, 1995)The purpose of this study was to compare immune response in breast and non breastfed children presenting with diarrhoea at Paediatric Observation Ward, Kenyatta National Hospital (KNH-POW) and Maternal and Child Health ... -
Clinical and in situ cellular responses to Haemophilus ducreyi in the presence or absence of HIV infection.
(Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, Kenya, Africa, 1998)We aimed to determine if the clinical and histological features of chancroid are altered by HIV infection. Male patients presenting to the Nairobi special treatment clinic with a clinical diagnosis of chancroid were eligible ... -
Controlling HIV in Africa: effectiveness and cost of an intervention in a high-frequency STD transmitter core group.
(Department of Community Health, University of Nairobi,Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, 1991)Since 1985, a population of over 1,000 predominantly HIV-positive female prostitutes residing in a low-income area of Nairobi, has been enrolled in a sexually transmitted disease (STD)/HIV control programme. The major ... -
The duration of breastfeeding by HIV-1-infected mothers in developing countries: balancing benefits and risks.
(University of NairobiFaculty of medicine, 1995-02)How best to advise mothers infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in developing countries regarding breastfeeding is an important issue that has generated considerable debate. Previous studies have ... -
The epidemiology of Chlamydia trachomatis within a sexually transmitted diseases core group.
(University of NairobiCollege of Health Science, 1996)Female sex workers in Nairobi were prospectively evaluated for risk factors of incident Chlamydia trachomatis infection. Independent risk factors included cervical ectopy (P=.007), gonococcal infection (P=.002), human ... -
Estimation of parasitic infection dynamics when detectability is imperfect.
(University of Nairobi.College of Health Science, 1990-10)The simultaneous estimation of infection rate, cure rate and detectability of parasitic infections is considered. A new method for this estimation based on a simple statistical model assuming constant transition rates ... -
Genital ulcer disease among STD clinic attenders in Nairobi: association with HIV-1 and circumcision status.
(Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, Kenya, 1996)In previous studies, genital ulcers in men have been found to be associated with increased risk of HIV-1 seroconversion. To further explore this association male patients attending a sexually transmitted disease (STD) ... -
Geographical patterns of male circumcision practices in Africa: association with HIV seroprevalence.
(Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, Kenya., 1990)To ascertain whether male circumcision might explain some of the geographical variation in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seroprevalence in Africa, we investigated the association between the practice of male circumcision ... -
High HIV risk in a cohort of male sex workers from Nairobi, Kenya.
(Universty of Nairobi, 2013-12)OBJECTIVES: Men who have sex with men (MSM) are at high risk of HIV-1 acquisition and transmission, yet there remains limited data in the African context, and for men who sell sex to men (MSM SW) in particular. METHODS: We ... -
Human leukocyte antigen-DQ alleles and haplotypes and their associations with resistance and susceptibility to HIV-1 infection
(Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, CanadaDepartment of Community Health, University of Nairobi,Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada,Department of Community Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab EmiratesMedical Microbiology, Room 507, Basic Medical Sciences Building, 730 William Avenue,, 2008)Objectives: To determine the association of DQ antigens with resistance and susceptibility to HIV-1. Design: Despite repeated exposure to HIV-1, a subset of women in the Pumwani Sex Worker cohort established in Nairobi, ... -
Impact of user fees on attendance at a referral centre for sexually transmitted diseases in Kenya.
(University of NairobiDepartment of Community Health, 1992-08-22)We investigated the impact of a short-lived policy of charging fees to patients attending public-sector outpatient health facilities in Kenya by collecting data on attendance at Nairobi's Special Treatment Clinic for ... -
The importance of core groups in the epidemiology and control of HIV-1 infection
(Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, Kenya, 1991)In Africa, HIV transmission occurs mainly through heterosexual intercourse. High-frequency transmitter core groups are key to the epidemiology of HIV-1 and STD on the continent. The rapid growth of the HIV-1 epidemic in ... -
An Integrative Bioinformatic Approach For Studying Escape Mutations In Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Gag In The Pumwani Sex Worker Cohort.
(University of NairobiDepartment of Medical Microbiology, 2008-02)Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is able to evade the host cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response through a variety of escape avenues. Epitopes that are presented to CTLs are first processed in the presenting ...
