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Now showing items 31-40 of 42
Neutralization escape variants of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 are transmitted from mother to infant
(University of Nairobi., 2006-01)
Maternal passive immunity typically plays a critical role in protecting infants from new infections; however, the specific contribution of neutralizing antibodies in limiting mother-to-child transmission of human ...
Maternal SDF1 3'A polymorphism is associated with increased perinatal human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transmission
(University of Nairobi., 2000-07)
Genetic polymorphisms in chemokine and chemokine receptor genes influence susceptibility to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection and disease progression, but little is known regarding the association between ...
Comparison of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 viral loads in Kenyan women, men, and infants during primary and early infection
(University of Nairobi., 2003-06)
Steady-state levels of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) RNA in plasma reached at approximately 4 months postinfection are highly predictive of disease progression. Several studies have investigated viral levels ...
Vitamin A supplementation and genital shedding of herpes simplex virus among HIV-1-infected women: a randomized clinical trial.
(University of Nairobi,, 2004)
Cross-sectional analyses have associated vitamin A deficiency with genital shedding of herpes simplex virus (HSV) among human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected women. A randomized clinical trial of vitamin A ...
Longitudinal assessment of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-specific gamma interferon responses during the first year of life in HIV-1-infected infants.
(University of Nairobi, 2005)
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection results in different patterns of viral replication in pediatric compared to adult populations. The role of early HIV-1-specific responses in viral control has not been ...
HIV testing men in the antenatal setting: understanding male non-disclosure.
(Univesity of Nairobi, 2009)
Prevention of infant HIV is a powerful incentive for maternal HIV diagnosis and an opportunity to increase male HIV testing and disclosure of HIV status within couples. We examined male HIV disclosure in couples who attended ...
Human herpesvirus 8 seroconversion in Kenyan women by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunofluorescence assay
(University of Nairobi, 2004-06)
Background:Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) antibody tests vary in reported sensitivity and specificity, depending on the population tested and the assay.
Objectives:The purpose of this study was to compare the ability to ...
Trends in HIV -1 Incidence in a Cohort of Prostitutes in Kenya: Implications for HIV -1 Vaccine Efficacy Trials
(2000)
Background: Accurate predictions of HIV-I incidence in potential study populations are essential for designing HIV-I vaccine efficacy trials. Lillie information is available on the estimated incidence of HIV-I in such ...
Antenatal couple counselling increases uptake of intervention to prevent HIV-1 tranmission
(2004-12)
To determine effect of partner involvement and couple counseling on uptake of interventions to prevent HIV-1 transmission, women attending a Nairobi antenatal clinic were encouraged to return with partners for voluntary ...
HIV-1 infection alters the retinol-binding protein:transthyretin ratio even in the absence of the acute phase response.
(University of Nairobi,, 2005)
he ratio of retinol-binding protein (RBP) to transthyretin (TTR) has been proposed as an indirect method with which to assess vitamin A status in the context of inflammation. Few studies have been conducted among adults, ...