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Performance of Clinical Algorithms for HIV-1 Diagnosis and Antiretroviral Initiation among HIV-1-Exposed Children Aged Less Than 18 Months in Kenya
(2009-04)
Background
Ninety percent of HIV-1-infected children live in sub-Saharan Africa. In the absence of diagnosis and antiretroviral therapy (ART), approximately 50% die before 2 years.
Methods
We evaluated sensitivity ...
Rapid method for screening dried blood samples on filter paper for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 DNA
(University of Nairobi., 1992-02)
PCR is a highly sensitive method for the detection of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) nucleic acids in blood mononuclear cells and plasma. However, blood separation techniques require extensive laboratory support ...
Maternal SDF1 3'A polymorphism is associated with increased perinatal human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transmission
(University of Nairobi., 2000-07)
Genetic polymorphisms in chemokine and chemokine receptor genes influence susceptibility to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection and disease progression, but little is known regarding the association between ...
Comparison of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 viral loads in Kenyan women, men, and infants during primary and early infection
(University of Nairobi., 2003-06)
Steady-state levels of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) RNA in plasma reached at approximately 4 months postinfection are highly predictive of disease progression. Several studies have investigated viral levels ...
Studies of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 mucosal viral shedding and transmission in Kenya.
(University of Nairobi., 1999-05)
If human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) vaccines are to be highly effective, it is essential to understand the virologic factors that contribute to HIV-1 transmission. It is likely that transmission is determined, ...
Antenatal couple counselling increases uptake of intervention to prevent HIV-1 tranmission
(2004-12)
To determine effect of partner involvement and couple counseling on uptake of interventions to prevent HIV-1 transmission, women attending a Nairobi antenatal clinic were encouraged to return with partners for voluntary ...
Cofactors for HIV-1 Incidence during Pregnancy and Postpartum Period
(2010)
Objectives
To estimate HIV-1 incidence and cofactors for HIV-1 incidence during pregnancy and postpartum.
Design
Retrospective study among women who were HIV seronegative during pregnancy.
Methods
Mothers ...
Cell-free human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in breast milk
(University of Nairobi, 1998)
Breast-feeding may be an important route of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) vertical transmission in settings where it is routinely practiced. To define the prevalence and quantity of HIV-1 in cell-free breast ...
Subtype C Is associated with increased vaginal shedding of HIV-1.
(2005-08-01)
The prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1-infected cells and HIV-1 RNA levels in genital secretions and breast milk and the risk of mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 were compared among subtypes A, C, and ...
Effect of breastfeeding and formula feeding on transmission of HIV-1: a randomized clinical trial.
(2000)
:
Transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is known to occur through breastfeeding, but the magnitude of risk has not been precisely defined. Whether breast milk HIV-1 transmission risk exceeds the ...