Browsing Faculty of Health Sciences (FHS) by Title
Now showing items 4299-4318 of 10378
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High HIV risk in a cohort of male sex workers from Nairobi, Kenya.
(Universty of Nairobi, 2013-12)OBJECTIVES: Men who have sex with men (MSM) are at high risk of HIV-1 acquisition and transmission, yet there remains limited data in the African context, and for men who sell sex to men (MSM SW) in particular. METHODS: We ... -
High level of plasma TILRR protein is associated with faster HIV seroconversion
(University of Nairobi, 2022-04)Background: TILRR (Toll-like Interleukin-1 Receptor Regulator) is a modulator of many genes in NF-κB (nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells) signaling. It promotes the production of inflammatory ... -
High Level of Pre-Treatment HIV-1 Drug Resistance and Its Association with HLA Class I-Mediated Restriction in the Pumwani Sex Worker Cohort
(University of Nairobi, 2022-01)Background: We analyzed the prevalence of pre-antiretroviral therapy (ART) drug resistance mutations (DRMs) in a Kenyan population. We also examined whether host HLA class I genes influence the development of pre-ART ... -
High levels of cervical HIV-1 RNA during early HIV-1 infection.
(Department of Medical Microbiology, University of NairobiDepartment of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA, 2006)Few data are available on genital tract viral replication early after HIV-1 acquisition, when infectivity is high. We compared cervical HIV-1 RNA from 60 women with paired samples from within 90 days after HIV-1 acquisition ... -
High levels of toxigenic Clostridioides difficile contamination of hospital environments: a hidden threat in hospital-acquired infections in Kenya
(University of Nairobi, 2020)Introduction The contribution of Clostridioides difficile (formerly Clostridium difficile ) to the burden of hospital-associated infections (HAIs) remains undetermined in many African countries. Aim This study aimed ... -
High maternal HIV-1 viral load during pregnancy is associated with reduced placental transfer of measles IgG antibody.
(University of Nairobi.Department of Medicine, University of Washington, SeattleDepartment of Paediatrics and Child Health, Univeristy of Nairobi, Kenya, 2005-12)BACKGROUND: Studies among HIV-1-infected women have demonstrated reduced placental transfer of IgG antibodies against measles and other pathogens. As a result, infants born to women with HIV-1 infection may not acquire ... -
High mortality in HIV-infected children diagnosed in hospital underscores need for faster diagnostic turnaround time in prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV (PMTCT) programs
(University of Nairobi, 2015)Background Despite expanded programs for prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission (PMTCT), HIV-infected infants may not be diagnosed until they are ill. Comparing HIV prevalence and outcomes in infants diagnosed ... -
A High Performance Liquid Chromatography Method for the Determination of Artemisinin in Artemisia Annua L. Leaf Extracts.
(University of Nairobi, 2020)A simple, sensitive, accurate and precise high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for determination of artemisinin in crude plant material was developed and validated. Optimal separation of artemisinin from ... -
High pH reversed-phase chromatography as a superior fractionation scheme compared to off-gel isoelectric focusing for complex proteome analysis
(University of NairobiDepartment of Medical Microbiology, 2013-10)MS/MS is the technology of choice for analyzing complex protein mixtures. However, due to the intrinsic complexity and dynamic range present in higher eukaryotic proteomes, prefractionation is an important step to maximize ... -
High Prevalence Of Chlamydia Trachomatis And Neisseria Gonorrhoeae Infections Among Hiv-1 Negative Men Who Have Sex With Men In Coastal Kenya.
(University of NairobiInstitute of Tropica and Infectious Diseases(UNITID), 2010-11)OBJECTIVES: To assess the burden of Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) in high-risk HIV-1 negative men who have sex with men (MSM) in Africa. METHODS: Before the start of a pre-exposure ... -
High Prevalence of Genetically Similar HIV-1 Recombinants among Infected Sex Workers in Nairobi, Kenya
(University of Nairobi, 2008)HIV-1, a highly diverse infectious agent, shows the greatest sequence diversity in highly exposed individuals, including greater levels of recombination. HIV-1 diversity in Nairobi, Kenya was examined in 240 individuals, ... -
High Prevalence of Tuberculosis Infection in HIV-1 Exposed Kenyan Infants
(University of Nairobi, 2013-12-30)BACKGROUND:: Infants born to HIV-1 infected mothers may have increased risk for tuberculosis (TB), but the prevalence of TB infection in this population is undefined. In contrast to tuberculin skin tests that are ... -
High prevalence of vaccine-preventable anal human papillomavirus infections is associated with HIV infection among gay, bisexual, and men who have sex with men in Nairobi, Kenya
(University of Nairobi, 2023)Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is associated with anal cancers and is more prevalent in gay, bisexual, and men who have sex with men (gbMSM), partly due to their vulnerability to HIV infection. Baseline ... -
High rate of Clostridium difficile among young adults presenting with diarrhea at two hospitals in Kenya.
(University of Nairobi, 2018)BACKGROUND: Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is the leading cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea worldwide. As a result, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention have designated C. difficile as an urgent ... -
High Rates of Exclusive Breastfeeding in Both Arms of a Peer Counseling Study Promoting EBF Among HIV-Infected Kenyan Women
(2016)Background: Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) is recommended for 6 months after delivery as the optimal infant feeding method and is especially important for prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission (PMTCT). However, EBF ... -
High sensitivity c-reactive protein in type 2 diabetic patients with and without the metabolic syndrome
(Department of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of Nairobi, 2008)Objective: To describe the distribution of serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) in type 2 diabetes mellitus outpatients, and relate it to cardiovascular disease risk. Design: Cross-sectional descriptive ... -
High Sensitivity CRP Type 2 Diabetics at Kenyatta N Hospital.
(University of Nairobi,College of Health Sciences,, 2007) -
High uptake of postpartum hormonal contraception among HIV-1-seropositive women in Kenya.
(2007)The objectives of this study were to determine patterns of contraceptive utilization among sexually active HIV-1-seropositive women postpartum and to identify correlates of hormonal contraception uptake. The goal of this ...