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Performance of Clinical Algorithms for HIV-1 Diagnosis and Antiretroviral Initiation among HIV-1-Exposed Children Aged Less Than 18 Months in Kenya
(2009-04)
Background
Ninety percent of HIV-1-infected children live in sub-Saharan Africa. In the absence of diagnosis and antiretroviral therapy (ART), approximately 50% die before 2 years.
Methods
We evaluated sensitivity ...
Cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions among HIV-positive women on antiretroviral therapy in Kenya.
(Univesity of Nairobi, 2011-04)
BACKGROUND:
The prevalence of cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions (SIL) among HIV-infected women on antiretroviral therapy in sub-Saharan Africa has not been well described.
METHODS:
HIV-infected women enrolled ...
Use of the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) to Characterize Healthcare Workers' Perspectives on Financial Incentives to Increase Pediatric HIV Testing.
(University of Nairobi, 2020)
BACKGROUND:
A prior randomized control trial showed financial incentives increase HIV testing rates for children of unknown HIV status. Translating evidence-based interventions such as these to scale requires an ...
Urine TB lipoarabinomannan (LAM) predicts mortality in hospitalized HIV-infected children.
(University of Nairobi, 2018)
Despite diagnostic performance limitations, urine lipoarabinomannan (LAM) predicts death in HIV-infected adults with TB. Pediatric data are limited. Among 137 hospitalized HIV-infected children, mortality was 4.9-fold ...
Stakeholder perspectives for optimization of tuberculosis contact investigation in a high-burden setting.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)
INTRODUCTION:
Optimal tuberculosis contact investigation impacts TB prevention, timely case finding and linkage to care, however data on routine implementation in high burden contexts is limited.
MATERIALS AND METHODS:
In ...
SMS messaging to improve ART adherence: perspectives of pregnant HIV-infected women in Kenya on HIV-related message content.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)
There is growing evidence that mobile health (mHealth) approaches including short messaging service (SMS) can improve antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence, but consensus is lacking regarding communication of HIV-related ...
Biomarker evaluation of self-reported condom use among women in HIV-discordant couples.
(University of Nairobi, 2013)
Self-reported condom use is a commonly collected statistic, yet its use in research studies may be inaccurate. We evaluated this statistic among women in HIV-discordant couples enrolled in a clinical trial in Nairobi, ...
Illness during pregnancy and bacterial vaginosis are associated with in-utero HIV-1 transmission
(University of Nairobi., 2010-01)
HIV-1 transmission in utero accounts for 20-30% of vertical transmission events in breast-feeding populations. In a prospective study of 463 HIV-1-infected mothers and infants, illness during pregnancy was associated with ...
Longitudinal assessment of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-specific gamma interferon responses during the first year of life in HIV-1-infected infants.
(University of Nairobi, 2005)
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection results in different patterns of viral replication in pediatric compared to adult populations. The role of early HIV-1-specific responses in viral control has not been ...
A 15-year study of the impact of community antiretroviral therapy coverage on HIV incidence in Kenyan female sex workers.
(University of Nairobi, 2015-07)
OBJECTIVE:
To test the hypothesis that increasing community antiretroviral therapy (ART) coverage would be associated with lower HIV incidence in female sex workers (FSWs) in Mombasa District, Kenya.
DESIGN:
Prospective ...