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Developing standards of care for HIV prevention research in developing countries – a case study of ten research centers in Eastern and Southern Africa
(2012-09)
Background:
Standards of care in general vary across countries and communities and thus may affect decisions about standards of care provided by research centers in HIV prevention research. To serve as a basis for ...
Health-care Providers'perceptions Of Intravaginal Rings For Hiv Prevention In Nairobi, Kenya
(2013)
Background: Health-care providers form the backbone of health information and service delivery in many African communities. This study investigated health-care providers' (HCPs) attitudes towards a novel method of HIV ...
Identifying at-risk populations in Kenya and South Africa: HIV incidence in cohorts of men who report sex with men, sex workers, and youth.
(2012)
To identify and describe populations at risk for HIV in 3 clinical research centers in Kenya and South Africa.
DESIGN:
Prospective cohort study.
METHODS:
Volunteers reporting recent sexual activity, multiple partners, ...
CD4:CD8 lymphocyte ratio as a quantitative measure of immunologic health in HIV-1 infection: findings from an African cohort with prospective data.
(University of Nairobi, 2015-07)
In individuals with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection, CD4:CD8 lymphocyte ratio is often recognized as a quantitative outcome that reflects the critical role of both CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-cells in HIV-1 ...
Disease progression by infecting HIV-1 subtype in a seroconverter cohort in sub-Saharan Africa.
(Universty of Nairobi, 2013-10-09)
OBJECTIVE::
To describe immunologic, virologic, and clinical HIV disease progression by HIV-1 subtype among Africans with well documented estimated dates of HIV infection (EDIs).
DESIGN::
Prospective cohort.
METH ...
Phase I Safety and Immunogenicity of Electroporated HIV DNA with or Without Interleukin 12 in Healthy HIVSeronegative African Volunteers
(University of Nairobi, 2013)
Background: DNA vaccines have typically been safe in clinical
trials, but weakly immunogenic. Strategies to enhance their immunogenicity
include i) co-administration of adjuvants and ii)
intramuscular administration by ...
αEβ7, α4β7 and α4β1 integrin contributions to T cell distribution in blood, cervix and rectal tissues: Potential implications for HIV transmission
(University of Nairobi, 2018)
Cell surface expression of α4β7, α4β1 and αEβ7 integrins play a key role in T cell distribution. Understanding the contribution of integrins to the density and ratios of CD4+: CD4negT cell at the portals of entry for HIV ...
Host genetics and viral load in primary HIV-1 infection: clear evidence for gene by sex interactions
(2014)
Research in the past two decades has generated unequivocal evidence that host genetic variations substantially account for the heterogeneous outcomes following human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. In ...
Mucosal specimen collection, processing and assay - Experience from a resource-limited setting in Kenya
(University of Nairobi, 2013)
Background:
HIV-1 infection occurs most commonly through
sexual intercourse. Induction of mucosal immune responses will
likely be necessary for an effective HIV vaccine. KAVI embarked
on building capacity for mucosal ...
Randomized trial of periodic presumptive treatment with high-dose intravaginal metronidazole and miconazole to prevent vaginal infections in HIV-negative women.
(University of Nairobi, 2014)
BACKGROUND:
Vaginal infections are common, frequently recur, and may increase women's risk for sexually transmitted infections (STIs). We tested the efficacy of a novel regimen to prevent recurrent vaginal infections ...