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Reduced Cellular Susceptibility to In Vitro HIV Infection Is Associated with CD4+ T Cell Quiescence
(2012)
Background
HIV preferentially establishes productive infection in activated CD4+ T cells. Since proportions of activated CD4+ T cells vary between individuals, this study aimed to determine if individuals with a greater ...
Anti-HIV-1 Activity of Elafin Is More Potent than Its Precursor's, Trappin-2, in Genital Epithelial Cells
(2012)
Cervicovaginal lavage fluid (CVL) is a natural source of anti-HIV-1 factors; however, molecular characterization of the anti-HIV-1 activity of CVL remains elusive. In this study, we confirmed that CVLs from HIV-1-resistant ...
The HAART cell phone adherence trial (WelTel Kenya1): a randomized controlled trial protocol
(2009)
The objectives are to compare the effectiveness of cell phone-supported SMS
messaging to standard care on adherence, quality of life, retention, and mortality in a population
receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) in ...
Effects of a mobile phone short message service on antiretroviral treatment adherence in Kenya (WelTel Kenya1): a randomised trial
(2010)
Mobile (cell) phone communication has been suggested as a method to improve delivery of health services. However, data on the effects of mobile health technology on patient outcomes in resource-limited settings are limited. ...
Functional HIV-1 specific IgA antibodies in HIV-1 exposed, persistently IgG seronegative female sex workers
(2001-11)
Although HIV-specific cellular immune responses are found in a number of HIV highly-exposed, persistently seronegative (HEPS) cohorts, late seroconversion can occur despite pre-existing cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL), ...
Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in Kenya: challenges to implementation
(University of Nairobi, 2014)
Background:
The prevention of mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is lauded as
one of the more successful HIV prevention measures. However, despite some gains in the prevention of ...
Reduced HIV-1 long terminal repeat transcription in subjects with protective interferon regulatory factor-1 genotype: A potential mechanism mediating resistance to infection by HIV-1
(2010)
We previously described the polymorphism in the interferon regulatory factor-1 (IRF-1) gene as a novel correlate of resistance to HIV-1 infection in a Kenyan female sex worker cohort. However, the underlying mechanisms ...
A Trim5alpha Exon 2 Polymorphism is Associated with Protection from HIV-1 Infection in Pumwani Sexworker Cohort
(2010)
Objective
The innate immune component TRIM5α has the ability to restrict retrovirus infection in a species-specific manner. TRIM5α of some primate species restricts infection by HIV-1, while huTRIM5α lacks this specificity. ...
Presence of CD8+ T Cells in the Ectocervical Mucosa Correlates with Genital Viral Shedding in HIV-Infected Women despite a Low Prevalence of HIV RNA–Expressing Cells in the Tissue
(2014)
The female genital tract is a portal of entry for sexual HIV transmission and a possible viral reservoir. In this study, the ectocervical CD8+ T cell distribution was explored in situ and was related to expression of CD3 ...
High Prevalence of Genetically Similar HIV-1 Recombinants among Infected Sex Workers in Nairobi, Kenya
(University of Nairobi, 2008)
HIV-1, a highly diverse infectious agent, shows the greatest sequence diversity in highly exposed individuals, including greater levels of recombination. HIV-1 diversity in Nairobi, Kenya was examined in 240 individuals, ...