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Genital shedding of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 DNA during pregnancy: association with immunosuppression, abnormal cervical or vaginal discharge, and severe vitamin A deficiency
(1997-01)
The presence of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in genital secretions may be a determinant of vertical HIV-1 transmission. Cervical and vaginal secretions from HIV-1–seropositive pregnant women were evaluated ...
Cervical and vaginal shedding of human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected cells throughout the menstrual cycle
(University of Nairobi, 1998-10)
Cervical and vaginal secretions from 17 women infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) were evaluated daily through the course of one menstrual cycle for HIV-1 DNA (21-31 visits per woman). HIV-1-infected ...
Hormonal contraception, vitamin A deficiency, and other risk factors for shedding of HIV-1 infected cells from the cervix and vagina.
(University of Nairobi, 1997-09)
BACKGROUND: Factors that influence shedding of HIV-1 infected cells in cervical and vaginal secretions may be important determinants of sexual and vertical transmission of the virus. We investigated whether hormonal ...
Cervical Shedding Of Cytomegalovirus In Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1-infected Women.
(University of Nairobi, 1999)
Cervical shedding of cytomegalovirus (CMV) is important in transmission of CMV to exposed sexual partners and neonates. We evaluated prevalence and correlates of CMV DNA shedding in cervical secretions from a large cohort ...
Phylogenetic evaluation of Kenyan HIV type 1 isolates.AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses
(University of Nairobi, 1997-04)
Diversity among global isolates of HIV-1 presents a formidable challenge for vaccine development. As distinct clades of the virus are recognized, it will be important to monitor their geographic distribution and divergence. ...
Efficient isolation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 RNA from cervical swabs
(University of Nairobi, 1998-08)
An efficient method for the isolation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) nucleic acids from dry cervical swabs was developed. HIV-1 gag and env were detected in 96% (25 of 26) and 81% (21 of 26), respectively, ...
Distinct but related human immunodeficiency virus type 1 variant populations in genital secretions and blood
(1996)
For a HIV vaccine to be effective, it will be essential that it protect against the virus variants to which individuals are most frequently exposed. HIV-1 is predominantly a sexually acquired virus, thus, variants in genital ...
Studies of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 mucosal viral shedding and transmission in Kenya.
(University of Nairobi., 1999-05)
If human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) vaccines are to be highly effective, it is essential to understand the virologic factors that contribute to HIV-1 transmission. It is likely that transmission is determined, ...
Cell-free human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in breast milk
(University of Nairobi, 1998)
Breast-feeding may be an important route of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) vertical transmission in settings where it is routinely practiced. To define the prevalence and quantity of HIV-1 in cell-free breast ...
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected cells in breast milk: association with immunosuppression and vitamin A deficiency
(1995-12)
Breast milk samples from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-seropositive women were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction to determine the prevalence and determinants of HIV-1-infected cells in breast milk. Breast ...